Former Yugoslavia

Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Socijalistička Federativna Republika Jugoslavija Социјалистичка Федеративна Република Југославија Socialistična federativna republika Jugoslavija
1945–1992
Flag Emblem
Motto Bratstvo i jedinstvo "Brotherhood and unity"
Anthem Hej, Slaveni Хеј, Словени "Hey, Slavs"
Yugoslavia in 1989
Capital		Belgrade
Languages		Serbo-Croatian Slovene Macedonian
Demonym		Yugoslav, Yugoslavian
Government		One-party socialist federal republic
President
•	1945–1953	Ivan Ribar (first)
•	1953–1980	Josip Broz Tito
•	1991	Stjepan Mesić (last)
Prime Minister
•	1945–1953	Josip Broz Tito (first)
•	1989–1991	Ante Marković (last)
General Secretary
•	1945–1980	Josip Broz Tito (first)
•	1989–1990	Milan Pančevski (last)
Legislature		Federal Assembly
•	Upper house	Chamber of Republics
•	Lower house	Federal Chamber
Historical era		Cold War
•	Proclamation	29 November 1945
•	Constitution adopted	31 January 1946
•	Balkan Pact signed	28 February 1953
•	Death of Josip Broz Tito	4 May 1980
•	Disintegration	27 April 1992
Area
•	1989	255,804 km² (98,766 sq mi)
Population
•	1989 est.	23,724,919
Density		92.7 /km²  (240.2 /sq mi)
Currency		Yugoslav dinar
Internet TLD		.yu
Calling code		+38
Preceded by Succeeded by Kingdom of Yugoslavia Free Territory of Trieste Croatia Slovenia Macedonia Bosnia and Herzegovina FR Yugoslavia
Today part of		Bosnia and Herzegovina  Croatia  Kosovo  Macedonia  Montenegro  Serbia  Slovenia
a.	^ Full name in the Serbo-Croatian language, written in the Latin alphabet (see Name section for details).
b.	^ Full name in Serbo-Croatian and Macedonian, written in Cyrillic.
c.	^ Full name in the Slovene language (Slovene only uses Latin).
d.	^ There was no de jure official language at the federal level, but Serbo-Croatian was de facto official. It was also legally the official language in the federal republics of Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro.
e.	^ Official in Slovenia.
f.	^ Official in Macedonia.

The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFR Yugoslavia or SFRY) was the Yugoslav state that existed from its foundation in the aftermath of World War II until its dissolution in 1991 amid the Yugoslav Wars. It was a socialist state and a federation made up of six socialist republics: Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, and Macedonia. In addition, it included two autonomous provinces within Serbia: Kosovo and Vojvodina.

After initially siding with the Eastern bloc under the leadership of Josip Broz Tito at the beginning of the Cold War, Yugoslavia pursued a policy of neutrality after the Tito–Stalin split of 1948, and it became one of the founding members of the Non-Aligned Movement. After the death of Tito in 1980, rising ethnic nationalism in the late 1980s led to dissidence among the multiple ethnicities within the constituent republics, followed by collapse of inter-republic talks on transformation of the federation and recognition of their independence by some European states in 1991. This led to the federation collapsing along the federal borders, followed by the final downfall and breakup of the federation in 1992, and the start of the Yugoslav Wars. The term "former Yugoslavia" (bivša Jugoslavija) is now commonly used retrospectively.