Firuzabad, Fars
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Firuzabad فيروزآباد |
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|---|---|
| city | |
 Firuzabad
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| Coordinates: 28°50′38″N 52°34′15″E / 28.84389°N 52.57083°ECoordinates: 28°50′38″N 52°34′15″E / 28.84389°N 52.57083°E | |
| Country |
 Iran
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| Province | Fars |
| County | Firuzabad |
| Bakhsh | Central |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 64,969 |
| Time zone | IRST (UTC+3:30) |
| • Summer (DST) | IRDT (UTC+4:30) |
Firuzabad (Persian: فيروزآباد also Romanized as Fīrūzābād; Middle Persian: Gōr or Ardashir-Khwarrah, literally "The Glory of Ardashir") is a city in and the capital of Firuzabad County, Fars Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 58,210, in 12,888 families. Firuzabad is located south of Shiraz. The town is surrounded by a mud wall and ditch.
Alexander of Macedonia destroyed the original city of Gōr. Centuries later, Ardashir I, founder of the Sassanid Dynasty, revived the city before it was ransacked during the Arab invasion of the seventh century.
Firuzabad is situated in a low-lying area of the region, so Alexander was able to drown the city by directing the flow of a river into the city. The lake he created remained until Ardashir I built a tunnel to drain it. He founded his new capital city on this site.
Ardashir's new city was known as Khor Ardashīr, Ardashīr Khurah and Shāhr-ī Gōr. It had a circular plan so precise in measurement that the Persian historian Ibn Balkhi wrote it to be "devised using a compass". It was protected by a trench 50 meters in width, and was 2 kilometers in diameter. The city had four gates; to the north was the Hormozd Gate, to the south the Ardashir Gate, to the east the Mithra Gate and to the west the Wahram Gate. The royal capital's compounds were constructed at the center of a circle 450 m in radius. At the center point of the city was a Zoroastrian fire temple 30 m high and spiral in design, which is thought to have been the architectural predecessor of the Great Mosque of Samarra of Iraq. (See satellite photo in the top right hand corner of the article.)
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