Environment of Italy

Italian Republic Repubblica Italiana  (Italian)
Flag Emblem
Anthem: Il Canto degli Italiani  (Italian) "The Song of the Italians"
Location of  Italy  (dark green) – in Europe  (light green & dark grey) – in the European Union  (light green)  –  [Legend]
Capital and largest city	Rome 41°54′N 12°29′E / 41.900°N 12.483°E / 41.900; 12.483
Official language and national language	Italiana
Religion	83.3% Christians 12.4% irreligious 3.7% Muslims 0.2% Buddhists 0.1% Hindus 0.3% other religions
Demonym	Italian
Government	Unitary constitutional parliamentary republic
• President	Sergio Mattarella
• Prime Minister	Paolo Gentiloni
• President of the Senate	Pietro Grasso
• President of the Chamber of Deputies	Laura Boldrini
Legislature	Parliament
• Upper house	Senate of the Republic
• Lower house	Chamber of Deputies
Formation
• Italia	Roman Era
• Regnum Italicum	23 August 476
• Kingdom of the Lombards	2 April 568
• Kingdom of Italy (medieval state)	2 January 888
• Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)	17 March 1805
• Unification (modern state)	17 March 1861
• Republic	2 June 1946
• Founded the EEC (now the European Union)	1 January 1958
Area
• Total	301,338 km2 (116,347 sq mi) (71st)
• Water (%)	2.4
Population
• 1-1-2017 estimate	60,589,445 (23rd)
• Density	201.3/km2 (521.4/sq mi) (63rd)
GDP (PPP)	2016 estimate
• Total	$2.234 trillion (12th)
• Per capita	$36,833 (32nd)
GDP (nominal)	2016 estimate
• Total	$1.850 trillion (8th)
• Per capita	$30,507 (25th)
Gini (2015)	32.4 medium
HDI (2015)	0.887 very high · 26th
Currency	Euro (€)b (EUR)
Time zone	CET (UTC+1)
• Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
Date format	dd/mm/yyyy (AD)
Drives on the	right
Calling code	+39c
ISO 3166 code	IT
Internet TLD	.itd
German is co-official in South Tyrol; French is co-official in the Aosta Valley; Slovene is co-official in the province of Trieste and the province of Gorizia; Ladin is co-official in South Tyrol, in Trentino and in other northern areas. Before 2002, the Italian lira. The euro is accepted in Campione d'Italia but its official currency is the Swiss franc. To call Campione d'Italia, it is necessary to use the Swiss code +41. The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states.

Coordinates: 43°N 12°E / 43°N 12°E / 43; 12

– in Europe  (light green & dark grey)
– in the European Union  (light green)  –  [Legend]

Italy (Italian: Italia [iˈtaːlja]), officially the Italian Republic (Italian: Repubblica italiana), is a unitary parliamentary republic in Europe. Located in the heart of the Mediterranean Sea, Italy shares open land borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, San Marino and Vatican City. Italy covers an area of 301,338 km² (116,347 sq mi) and has a largely temperate seasonal and Mediterranean climate. Due to its shape, it is often referred to in Italy as lo Stivale (the Boot). With 61 million inhabitants it is the fourth most populous EU member state.