Campione d'Italia
| Campione d'Italia | |||
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| Comune | |||
| Comune di Campione d'Italia | |||
Campione d'Italia
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 Campione d'Italia
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| Coordinates: 45°58′N 08°58′E / 45.967°N 8.967°E | |||
| Country | Italy | ||
| Region | Lombardy | ||
| Province / Metropolitan city | Province of Como | ||
| Founded | 77 BC | ||
| Government | |||
| • Mayor | Maria Paola Mangili Piccaluga | ||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 1.6 km2 (0.6 sq mi) | ||
| Elevation | 273 m (896 ft) | ||
| Population (28 February 2014) | |||
| • Total | 2,067 | ||
| • Density | 1,300/km2 (3,300/sq mi) | ||
| Demonym(s) | Campionesi | ||
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | ||
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | ||
| Postal code | I-22060 CH-6911 | ||
| Dialing code | +41 91 (as a Swiss dialing code) |
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| Patron saint | St. Zeno | ||
| Saint day | 12 April | ||
| Website | Official website | ||
Campione d'Italia is an Italian comune (municipality) of the Province of Como in the Lombardy region, and an Italian exclave surrounded by the Swiss canton of Ticino, separated from the rest of Italy by mountains. At its closest, the enclave is less than one kilometre (0.6 mi) from the rest of Italy, but the hilly terrain requires a journey by road of over 14 km (9 mi) to reach the nearest Italian town, Lanzo d'Intelvi, and over 28 km (17 mi) to reach the city of Como.
In the first century BC the Romans founded the garrison town of Campilonum to protect their territories from Helvetii invasions.
In 777, Toto of Campione, a local Lombard lord, left his inheritance to the archbishopric of Milan. Ownership was transferred to the abbey of Sant’Ambrogio. In 1512, the surrounding area of Ticino was transferred from the ownership of the bishop of Como to Switzerland by Pope Julius II, as thanks for support in the War of the Holy League. However, the abbey maintained control over what is now Campione d'Italia and some territory on the western bank of Lake Lugano.
When Ticino chose to become part of the Swiss Confederation in 1798, the people of Campione chose to remain part of Lombardy. In 1800, Ticino proposed exchanging Indemini for Campione. In 1814 a referendum was held, and the residents of Campione opposed it. In 1848, during the wars of Italian unification, Campione petitioned Switzerland for annexation. This was rejected due to the Swiss desire for neutrality.
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Wikipedia