Emperor Gaozong of Song
| Emperor Gaozong of Song |
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| Emperor of the Song dynasty | |||||||||||||
| Reign | 12 June 1127 – 24 July 1162 | ||||||||||||
| Predecessor | Emperor Qinzong | ||||||||||||
| Successor | Emperor Xiaozong | ||||||||||||
| Retired Emperor of the Song dynasty | |||||||||||||
| Reign | 24 July 1162 – 9 November 1187 | ||||||||||||
| Born | Zhao Gou 12 June 1107 |
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| Died | 9 November 1187 (aged 80) | ||||||||||||
| Empress |
Empress Xianjie Empress Xiansheng Cilie |
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| House | House of Zhao | ||||||||||||
| Father | Emperor Huizong | ||||||||||||
| Mother | Empress Xianren | ||||||||||||
| Era dates | |
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| Jianyan (建炎; 1127–1130) Shaoxing (紹興; 1131–1162) |
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| Posthumous name | |
| Shouming Zhongxing Quangong Zhide Shengshen Wuwen Zhaoren Xianxiao Huangdi (受命中興全功至德聖神武文昭仁憲孝皇帝) (awarded in 1191) |
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| Temple name | |
| Gaozong (高宗) |
| Emperor Gaozong of Song | |||||||
| Chinese | 宋高宗 | ||||||
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| Literal meaning | "High Ancestor of the Song" | ||||||
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| Zhao Gou | |||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 趙構 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 赵构 | ||||||
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| Deji (courtesy name) |
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| Chinese | 德基 | ||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Sòng Gāozōng |
| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Zhào Gòu |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Déjī |
Emperor Gaozong of Song (12 June 1107 – 9 November 1187), personal name Zhao Gou, courtesy name Deji, was the tenth emperor of the Song dynasty in China and the first emperor of the Southern Song dynasty. He was the ninth son of Emperor Huizong and a younger brother of Emperor Qinzong. In 1127, during the wars between the Song dynasty and Jurchen-led Jin dynasty, the Song capital Bianjing (present-day Kaifeng) fell to Jin forces in an event historically known as the Jingkang Incident. Emperors Huizong and Qinzong were taken prisoner by the Jurchens, while Zhao Gou managed to escape to southern China. He reestablished the Song dynasty (as the Southern Song dynasty) in Lin'an (present-day Hangzhou) and was proclaimed emperor. He reigned from 1127 until 1162, when he abdicated the throne in favour of his adopted son Zhao Shen (Emperor Xiaozong), and became a Taishang Huang ("Retired Emperor") until his death in 1187.
Emperor Gaozong was the ninth son of Emperor Huizong and a younger brother of Emperor Qinzong. His mother, whose maiden family name was Wei (韋), was a concubine of Emperor Huizong. She was posthumously honoured as Empress Xianren (顯仁皇后; 1080–1159).
Emperor Gaozong was originally a prince during the reigns of his father and brother. After the two emperors were captured by forces of the Jurchen-led Jin Empire in the Jingkang Incident in 1127, he escaped to southern China and reestablished the Song Empire (as the Southern Song dynasty) and was proclaimed emperor.
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