Population Growth
Census	Pop.	%±
1951	16,263,000	—
1961	20,633,000	26.9%
1971	26,697,000	29.4%
1981	34,086,000	27.7%
1991	41,310,000	21.2%
2001	50,671,000	22.7%
2011	60,383,628	19.2%
Source:Census of India

Gujarat (/ˌɡʊdʒəˈrɑːt/ Gujǎrāt [ˈɡudʒ(ə)ɾaːt̪]) is a state in Western India, sometimes referred to as the "Jewel of Western India". It has an area of 196,024 km² (75,685 sq mi) with a coastline of 1,600 km (990 mi), most of which lies on the Kathiawar peninsula, and a population in excess of 60 million. The state is bordered by Rajasthan to the north, Maharashtra to the south, Madhya Pradesh to the east, and the Arabian Sea and the Pakistani province of Sindh to the west. Its capital city is Gandhinagar, while its largest city is Ahmedabad. Gujarat is home to the Gujarati-speaking people of India.

The state encompasses some sites of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization, such as Lothal and Dholavira. Lothal is believed to be one of the world's first seaports. Gujarat's coastal cities, chiefly Bharuch and Khambhat, served as ports and trading centres in the Maurya and Gupta empires, and during the succession of royal Saka dynasties from the Western Satraps era.

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