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Names | |||
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Preferred IUPAC name
Carbononitridic chloride
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Systematic IUPAC name
Chloroformonitrile
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Other names
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Identifiers | |||
506-77-4 | |||
3D model (Jmol) | Interactive image | ||
Abbreviations | CK | ||
ChemSpider | 10045 | ||
ECHA InfoCard | 100.007.321 | ||
EC Number | 208-052-8 | ||
MeSH | cyanogen+chloride | ||
PubChem | 10477 | ||
RTECS number | GT2275000 | ||
UN number | 1589 | ||
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Properties | |||
CNCl | |||
Molar mass | 61.470 g mol−1 | ||
Appearance | Colorless gas | ||
Odor | acrid | ||
Density | 2.7683 mg mL−1 (at 0 °C, 101.325 kPa) | ||
Melting point | −6.55 °C (20.21 °F; 266.60 K) | ||
Boiling point | 13 °C (55 °F; 286 K) | ||
soluble | |||
Solubility | soluble in ethanol, ether | ||
Vapor pressure | 1.987 MPa (at 21.1 °C) | ||
-32.4·10−6 cm3/mol | |||
Thermochemistry | |||
Std molar
entropy (S |
236.33 J K−1 mol−1 | ||
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH |
137.95 kJ mol−1 | ||
Hazards | |||
Main hazards | Highly toxic; forms cyanide in the body | ||
Safety data sheet | inchem.org | ||
NFPA 704 | |||
Flash point | nonflammable | ||
US health exposure limits (NIOSH): | |||
PEL (Permissible)
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none | ||
REL (Recommended)
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C 0.3 ppm (0.6 mg/m3) | ||
IDLH (Immediate danger)
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N.D. | ||
Related compounds | |||
Related alkanenitriles
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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what is ?) | (|||
Infobox references | |||
Cyanogen chloride is an organic compound with the formula NCCl. This linear, triatomic pseudohalogen is an easily condensed colorless gas. More commonly encountered in the laboratory is the related compound cyanogen bromide, a room-temperature solid that is widely used in biochemical analysis and preparation.
Cyanogen chloride is a molecule with the connectivity ClCN. Carbon and chlorine are linked by a single bond, and carbon and nitrogen by a triple bond. It is a linear molecule, as are the related cyanogen halides (NCF, NCBr, NCI). Cyanogen chloride is produced by the oxidation of sodium cyanide with chlorine. This reaction proceeds via the intermediate cyanogen ((CN)2).
The compound trimerizes in the presence of acid to the heterocycle called cyanuric chloride.
Cyanogen chloride is slowly hydrolyzed by water to release cyanate and chloride ions
Cyanogen chloride is a precursor to the sulfonyl cyanides and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate, a useful reagent in organic synthesis.
Also known as CK, cyanogen chloride is a highly toxic blood agent, and was once proposed for use in chemical warfare. It causes immediate injury upon contact with the eyes or respiratory organs. Symptoms of exposure may include drowsiness, rhinorrhea (runny nose), sore throat, coughing, confusion, nausea, vomiting, edema, loss of consciousness, convulsions, paralysis, and death. It is especially dangerous because it is capable of penetrating the filters in gas masks, according to U.S. analysts. CK is unstable due to polymerization, sometimes with explosive violence.