Cremona

Cremona
Comune
Comune di Cremona Municipality of Cremona
Panorama of Cremona View of Cremona
Coat of arms
Cremona Location of Cremona in Italy
Coordinates: 45°08′N 10°02′E / 45.133°N 10.033°E / 45.133; 10.033Coordinates: 45°08′N 10°02′E / 45.133°N 10.033°E / 45.133; 10.033
Country	Italy
Region	Lombardy
Province / Metropolitan city	Cremona (CR)
Government
• Mayor	Gianluca Galimberti (PD)
Area
• Total	69.7 km2 (26.9 sq mi)
Elevation	47 m (154 ft)
Population (31 December 2014)
• Total	71,657
• Density	1,000/km2 (2,700/sq mi)
Demonym(s)	Cremonesi
Time zone	CET (UTC+1)
• Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code	26100
Dialing code	0372
Patron saint	St. Omobono
Saint day	13 November
Website	Official website

Cremona [kreˈmoːna]  listen  (Emilian: Carmona, Lombard: Cremùna) is a city and comune in northern Italy, situated in Lombardy, on the left bank of the Po River in the middle of the Pianura Padana (Po valley). It is the capital of the province of Cremona and the seat of the local city and province governments. The city of Cremona is especially noted for its musical history and traditions, including some of the earliest and most renowned luthiers, such as Giuseppe Guarneri, Antonio Stradivari, and several members of the Amati family.

Cremona is first mentioned in history as a settlement of the Cenomani, a Gallic (Celtic) tribe that arrived in the Po valley around 400 BC. However, the name Cremona most likely dates back to earlier settlers and puzzled the ancients, who gave many fanciful interpretations. In 218 BC the Romans established on that spot their first military outpost (a colonia) north of the Po river, and kept the old name. Cremona and nearby Placentia (modern Piacenza, on the south bank of the Po), were founded in the same year, as bases for penetration into what became the Roman Province of Gallia Cisalpina (Cisalpine Gaul). Cremona quickly grew into one of the largest towns in northern Italy, as it was on the main road connecting Genoa to Aquileia, the Via Postumia. It supplied troops to Julius Caesar and benefited from his rule, but later supported Marcus Iunius Brutus and the Senate in their conflict with Augustus, who, having won, in 40 BC confiscated Cremona's land and redistributed it to his men. The famous poet Virgil, who went to school in Cremona, had to forfeit his ancestral farm ("too close to wretched Cremona"), but later regained it. The city's prosperity continued to increase until 69 AD, when it was destroyed in the Second Battle of Bedriacum by the troops of Vespasian, fighting to install him as Emperor against his rival Vitellius. Cremona was rebuilt with the help of Vespasian himself, but it seems to have failed to regain its former prosperity as it disappeared from history until the 6th century, when it resurfaced as a military outpost of the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire during the Gothic War.