Ching Ming Festival
| Qingming | |
|---|---|
| Official name |
Qingming Jie (清明节) Tomb Sweeping Day (扫坟节) Ching Ming Festival (清明节) |
| Observed by | Chinese |
| Significance | Remembering past ancestors |
| Observances | Cleaning and sweeping of graves, ancestor worship, offering food to deceased, burning joss paper |
| Date | 15th day from the Spring Equinox 4, 5 or 6 April |
| 2016 date | 25 March |
| 2017 date | 4 April |
| 2018 date | 5 April |
| Qingming Festival | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 清明節 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 清明节 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | "Pure Brightness Festival" | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Qīngmíng jié |
| Gwoyeu Romatzyh | Chingming jye |
| Wade–Giles | Ch'ing1-ming2 chieh2 |
| IPA | [tɕʰíŋ.mǐŋ tɕjě] |
| Wu | |
| Suzhounese | Tshin min tsih |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Yale Romanization | Chīng-mìhng jit |
| Jyutping | Cing1-ming4 zit3 |
| Southern Min | |
| Tâi-lô | Tshinn-miâ tsueh |
The Qingming or Ching Ming Festival, also known as Tomb-Sweeping Day in English, is a traditional Chinese festival on the first day of the fifth solar term of the traditional Chinese lunisolar calendar. This makes it the 15th day after the Spring Equinox, either 4 or 5 April in a given year. Other common translations include Chinese Memorial Day and Ancestors' Day.
Qingming has been regularly observed as a statutory public holiday in China. In Taiwan, the public holiday is now always observed on 5 April to honor the death of Chiang Kai-shek on that day in 1975. It became a public holiday in mainland China in 2008.
In the mainland, the holiday is associated with the consumption of qingtuan, green dumplings made of glutinous rice and barley grass. In Taiwan, the similar confection is known as caozaiguo or shuchuguo.
A similar holiday is observed in the Ryukyu Islands, called Shīmī in the local language.
The festival originated from the Cold Food Festival ("Hanshi Festival"), established by Chong'er, Duke Wen of Jin, during the Spring and Autumn period. The festival was a memorial for his retainer Jie Zitui, who had loyally followed him during his years of exile. Supposedly, he once even cut meat from his own thigh to provide Chong'er with soup. Once Chong'er was enthroned as duke, however, Jie considered his services no longer required and resigned. Although Duke Wen was generous in rewarding those who had helped him in his time of need, he long passed over Jie, who had moved into the forest with his mother. Duke Wen went to the forest in 636 BC but could not find them. He then ordered his men to set fire to the forest in order to force Jie out. When Jie and his mother were killed instead, the duke was overcome with remorse and ordered three days without fire to honor Jie's memory. The city erected over the former forest is still called Jiexiu (lit. "Jie's rest").
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