Bromine pentafluoride

Bromine pentafluoride

Names
IUPAC name Bromine pentafluoride
Identifiers
CAS Number	7789-30-2 Y
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	23008 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.029.234
PubChem	24606
RTECS number	EF9350000
InChI InChI=1S/BrF5/c2-1(3,4,5)6 Y Key: XHVUVQAANZKEKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y InChI=1/BrF5/c2-1(3,4,5)6 Key: XHVUVQAANZKEKF-UHFFFAOYAC
SMILES FBr(F)(F)(F)F
Properties
Chemical formula	BrF5
Molar mass	174.894 g.mol−1
Appearance	Pale yellow liquid
Density	2.466 g/cm3
Melting point	−61.30 °C (−78.34 °F; 211.85 K)
Boiling point	40.25 °C (104.45 °F; 313.40 K)
Solubility in water	reacts
Structure
Molecular shape	Square pyramidal
Hazards
Main hazards	reacts violently with water, powerful oxidizer
Safety data sheet	See: data page External MSDS
R/S statement	R8 R23/24/25 R34 S45 S36/37/39
NFPA 704	0 4 3 W OX
Flash point	Non-flammable
US health exposure limits (NIOSH):
PEL (Permissible)	none
REL (Recommended)	TWA 0.1 ppm (0.7 mg/m3)
IDLH (Immediate danger)	N.D.
Related compounds
Other anions	Bromine monochloride
Other cations	Chlorine pentafluoride Iodine pentafluoride
Related compounds	Bromine monofluoride Bromine trifluoride
Supplementary data page
Structure and properties	Refractive index (n), Dielectric constant (εr), etc.
Thermodynamic data	Phase behaviour solid–liquid–gas
Spectral data	UV, IR, NMR, MS
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Y  (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Bromine pentafluoride, BrF₅, is an interhalogen compound and a fluoride of bromine. It is a strong fluorination reagent.

BrF₅ finds use in oxygen isotope analysis. Laser ablation of solid silicates in the presence of bromine pentafluoride releases O₂ for subsequent analysis. It has also been tested as an oxidizer in liquid rocket propellants and is used as a fluorinating agent in the processing of uranium.

Bromine pentafluoride was first prepared in 1931 by the direct reaction of bromine with fluorine. This reaction is suitable for the preparation of large quantities, and is carried out at temperatures over 150 °C (302 °F) with an excess of fluorine:

For the preparation of smaller amounts, potassium bromide is used:

This route yields bromine pentafluoride almost completely free of trifluorides and other impurities.

Bromine pentafluoride reacts explosively with water, but when moderated by dilution with acetonitrile, it will form bromic acid and hydrofluoric acid, simple hydrolysis products:

It is an extremely effective fluorinating agent, converting most uranium compounds to the hexafluoride at room temperature.

Bromine pentafluoride is severely corrosive to the skin, and its vapors are irritating to the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes. Exposure to 100 ppm for a few minutes is lethal to most experimental animals. Chronic exposure may cause nephrosis and hepatosis.