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Bismuth pentafluoride

Bismuth pentafluoride
Bismuth-pentafluoride-chains-from-xtal-1971-3D-balls.png
Bismuth-pentafluoride-chains-from-xtal-1971-3D-SF.png
Names
Other names
bismuth(V) fluoride
Identifiers
3D model (Jmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.029.205
PubChem CID
Properties
BiF5
Molar mass 303.97 g mol−1
Appearance long white needles, colourless crystalline solid
Density 5.40 g cm−3
Melting point 151.4 °C (304.5 °F; 424.5 K) , 154.4 °C
Boiling point 230 °C (446 °F; 503 K)
Structure
octahedral Bi
Hazards
NFPA 704
Flammability code 0: Will not burn. E.g., water Health code 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g., turpentine Reactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g., liquid nitrogen Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
Related compounds
Other anions
bismuth trichloride, bismuth tribromide, bismuth triiodide, pentamethylbismuth
Other cations
phosphorus pentafluoride, arsenic pentafluoride, antimony pentafluoride
Related compounds
bismuth trifluoride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Bismuth pentafluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula BiF5. It is a white solid that is highly reactive. The compound is of interest to researchers but of not particular value.

BiF5 is polymeric and consists of linear chains of trans-bridged corner sharing BiF6 octahedra. This is the same structure as α-UF5.

BiF5 can be prepared by treating BiF3 with F2 at 500 °C.

In an alternative synthesis, ClF3 is the fluorinating agent at 350 °C.

Bismuth pentafluoride is the most reactive of the pnictogen pentafluorides and is an extremely strong fluorinating agent. It reacts vigorously with water to form ozone and oxygen difluoride, and with iodine or sulfur at room temperature. BiF5 fluorinates paraffin oil (hydrocarbons) to fluorocarbons above 50 °C and oxidises UF4 to UF6 at 150 °C. At 180 °C, bismuth pentafluoride fluorinates Br2 to BrF3 and Cl2 to ClF.

BiF5 also reacts with alkali metal fluorides, MF, to form hexafluorobismuthates, M[BiF6], containing the hexafluorobismuthate anion, [BiF6].


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