Bihar and Orissa Province

Province of British India

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1912–1936

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Bihar and Orissa in a 1907 map of British India before the creation of the province.

Capital

Patna

History

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Separation from Bengal

1912

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Bifurcation of Bihar and Orissa Province

1936

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

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Bihar and Orissa was a province of British India which included the present-day Indian states of Bihar, Jharkhand, and a part of Odisha. The territories were conquered by the British in the 18th and 19th centuries, and were part of the Bengal Presidency, the largest British province in India.

On 1 Apr 1912 both Bihar and Orissa division were separated from the Bengal Presidency as Bihar and Orissa Province. On 1 Apr 1936 Bihar and Orissa became separate provinces.

In 1756 Bihar was part of Bengal Subah of Mughal Empire while Orissa was a different Subah.

The Treaty of Allahabad was signed on 16 August 1765, between the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II, son of the late Emperor Alamgir II, and Robert, Lord Clive, of the East India Company, as a result of the Battle of Buxar of 22 October 1764. The Treaty marks the political and constitutional involvement and the beginning of British rule in India. Based on the terms of the agreement, Alam granted the East India Company Diwani rights, or the right to collect taxes on behalf of the Emperor from the eastern province of Bengal-Bihar-Orissa. Here Behar(Bihar) means present Bangladesh & West Bengal, Bihar, Jharkhand .Orissa means district of Midnapore & East Singhbhum or the land between Subarnarekha river to Damodar River. The other part of medieval Orissa kingdom was divided between Nizam of Hyderabad & Maratha kingdom.

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