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Berber separatism in North Africa

Berber separatism in North Africa
Date 1920 (1920) – present
Location North Africa (Morocco, Algeria, Mali, Libya)
Status

Ongoing

  • 1921 failed attempt to establish the Berber Rif Republic
  • Failed political struggle in the Rif in 1950s
  • Political Berber struggle in Algeria in 1980s and early 2000s
  • Armed Tuareg separatism in 21st century in Mali
    • Failed attempt to form the state of Azawad
  • Resurgence of Berber separatism in Morocco since 2013
Belligerents

Spain Spanish protectorate of Morocco (1920−26)

 Morocco (1958)

 Algeria (1980s-present)

 Mali (2012)

Libya Tobruk Government

 Morocco (2013-present)

Flag of the Republic of the Rif.svg Rif Republic (1921-26)

Flag of the Republic of the Rif.svg Rif nationalists (1958)

Kabylie Berber Spring leadership (1980)
Kabylie Movement for the Autonomy of Kabylie(2001-present)

 Azawad (2012)

Berber flag.svg Tuareg militias of Ghat (2014-16)

Flag of the Republic of the Rif.svg Rif Independence Movement (2013-present)
Commanders and leaders
Spain Manuel Silvestre  †
Spain Dámaso Berenguer
Spain José Millán Astray  (WIA)
Spain Miguel Primo de Rivera
Spain José Sanjurjo
France Philippe Pétain
France Hubert Lyautey
Mulai Ahmed er Raisuni  (POW)
 Flag of the Republic of the Rif.svg Muhammad Ibn 'Abd al-Karim al-Khattabi  Surrendered
Flag of the Republic of the Rif.svg Nasser Zefzafi (2017)
Casualties and losses

Flag of the Republic of the Rif.svg 10,000 dead)

Kabylie 90-126 killed (2001)

Ongoing

Spain Spanish protectorate of Morocco (1920−26)

 Morocco (1958)

 Algeria (1980s-present)

 Mali (2012)

Libya Tobruk Government


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