Battle of Poltava

Battle of Poltava
Part of the Great Northern War
The Battle of Poltava by Denis Martens the Younger (1726)
Date 27 June 1709 (O.S.) 28 June 1709 (Swedish calendar) 8 July 1709 (N.S.) Location Poltava, Cossack Hetmanate (present–day Ukraine) Result Decisive Russian victory Destruction of Swedish continental army Loss of Cossack Hetmanate autonomy Charles XII of Sweden relocates to Ottoman Empire
Belligerents
Sweden	Russia
Commanders and leaders
Charles XII of Sweden Carl Gustaf Rehnskiöld (POW) Adam Ludwig Lewenhaupt	Peter I Boris Sheremetev Alexander Menshikov
Strength
Swedish combined army: 24,000 Swedish regulars   (ca 13,000 cavalry     ca 11,000 infantry) ca 6,000 irregulars   1,000 Polish vlach cavalry     3,000–7,000     Cossacks 34 artillery pieces Total: up to 30,000 Participated in battle: 8,700 infantry 7,800 cavalry 4 cannons Total: ca 16,500 Besieging Poltava: 1,100 infantry 200 cavalry	Russian combined army: 52,100 Russian regulars   (ca 33,500 infantry     ca 18,600 cavalry) 23,000 irregulars   (Cossacks and Kalmyks,    3,000 Kalmyks arrived    at the end of the battle) 102 artillery pieces Total: ca 75,000 Participated in battle: 24,500 infantry 14,600 dragoons 3,000 Kalmyks 86 cannons Total: ca 42,000 Garrison of Poltava: 4,200 infantry 2,000 Cossacks 28 cannons
Casualties and losses
Swedish accounts: 6,900 killed and wounded, 2,800 captured. Russian accounts: 9,234 killed, 2,864–2,977 captured.	Official accounts: 1,345 killed, 3,290 wounded. Other accounts: 5,953 killed and wounded.

Swedish combined army:
24,000 Swedish regulars
  (ca 13,000 cavalry
    ca 11,000 infantry)
ca 6,000 irregulars
  1,000 Polish vlach cavalry
    3,000–7,000     Cossacks
34 artillery pieces

Total: up to 30,000

Participated in battle:
8,700 infantry
7,800 cavalry
4 cannons

Total: ca 16,500

Russian combined army:
52,100 Russian regulars
  (ca 33,500 infantry
    ca 18,600 cavalry)
23,000 irregulars
  (Cossacks and Kalmyks,
   3,000 Kalmyks arrived
   at the end of the battle)
102 artillery pieces

Total: ca 75,000

Participated in battle:
24,500 infantry
14,600 dragoons
3,000 Kalmyks
86 cannons

Total: ca 42,000

Swedish accounts: 6,900 killed and wounded, 2,800 captured.

Official accounts: 1,345 killed, 3,290 wounded.

The Battle of Poltava (Swedish: Slaget vid Poltava; Russian: Полта́вская би́тва; Ukrainian: Полта́вська би́тва) on 27 June 1709 (8 July, N.S.) was the decisive victory of Peter I of Russia, also known as Peter the Great, over the Swedish forces under Field Marshal Carl Gustav Rehnskiöld, in one of the battles of the Great Northern War.

It is widely believed to have been the beginning of Sweden's decline as a Great Power, as the Tsardom of Russia took its place as the leading nation of north-eastern Europe. The battle also bears major importance in Ukrainian national history, as Hetman of Zaporizhian Host Ivan Mazepa sided with the Swedes, seeking to create an uprising in Ukraine against the tsardom.

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