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Baluchi language

Balochi
بلوچی
Balochi.svg
Balochi in Perso-Arabic script (Nastaʿlīq style)
Native to Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan, Oman, Turkmenistan
Ethnicity predominantly Baloch, some Brahui and Sheedis
Native speakers
7.6 million (2007)
Dialects
Official status
Official language in
Balochistan
Recognised minority
language in
 Iran
Provincial in Balochistan
 Pakistan
Provincial in Balochistan
 Afghanistan
Provincial in Nimroz province
Regulated by Balochi Academy, Quetta, Pakistan
Language codes
ISO 639-2
ISO 639-3 inclusive code
Individual codes:
bgp – Eastern Balochi
bgn – Western Balochi
bcc – Southern Balochi
ktl – Koroshi
Glottolog balo1260
Linguasphere 58-AAB-a > 58-AAB-aa (East Balochi) + 58-AAB-ab (West Balochi) + 58-AAB-ac (South Balochi) + 58-AAB-ad (Bashkardi)
Moderniranianlanguagesmap.jpg
Geographic distribution of Balochi and other Iranian languages
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters.

Balochi (Balochi: بلؤچی‎‎) is a Northwestern Iranian language. It is the principal language of the Baloch people.

The Balochi vowel system has at least eight vowels: five long vowels and three short vowels. The long vowels are /aː/, /eː/, /iː/, /oː/, and /uː/. The short vowels are /a/, /i/ and /u/. The short vowels have more centralized phonetic qualities than the long vowels.

Southern Balochi (at least as spoken in Karachi) also has nasalized vowels, most importantly /ẽː/ and /ãː/.

The following consonants are common to both Western Balochi and Southern Balochi. The place of articulation of the consonants /s/, /z/, /n/, /ɾ/ and /l/ is claimed to be alveolar in Western Balochi, while at least the /ɾ/ is claimed to be dental in Southern Balochi. The stops /t/ and /d/ are claimed to be dental in both dialects.

Notes

In addition, /f/ is listed for Southern Balochi, but is found in few words. /x/ (voiceless velar fricative) in some loanwords in Southern Balochi corresponding to /χ/ (voiceless uvular fricative) in Western Balochi; and /ɣ/ (voiced velar fricative) in some loanwords in Southern Balochi corresponding to /ʁ/ (voiced uvular fricative) in Western Balochi.


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