Azim-us-Shan
| Azim-ush-Shan | |||||
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Azim us-Shan Bahadur
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| Born | Muhammad Azimuddin 15 December 1664 Agra Fort |
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| Died | 18 March 1712 (aged 47) Near Agra |
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| Burial | Humayun Tomb | ||||
| Spouse | Bai Jas Kaur Aisha Begum Gitti Ara Begum Sahiba Niswan Begum |
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| Issue | Muhammad Karim Mirza Humayun Bakht Mirza Ruh-ul-Daula Mirza Ahsanullah Mirza |
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| House | Timurid | ||||
| Father | Bahadur Shah I | ||||
| Mother | Amrita Bai | ||||
| Religion | Islam | ||||
| Full name | |
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| Sultan Azhar ud-din Muhammad Azim Mirza, Azim us-Shan Bahadur |
Prince Azim-ush-Shan (15 December 1664 – 18 March 1712) was the second son of Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah I, by his second wife, Maharajkumari Amrita Bai Sahiba. He was also the grandson of emperor Aurangzeb, during whose reign, he was the subahdar (viceroy) of Bengal Subah, Bihar and Odisha from 1697 to his death in 1712, at the age of 47.and Great Grandson of Emperor Shah Jahan.
In 1697 he was appointed the viceroy of Bengal Subah, Bihar and Odisha by emperor Aurangzeb. Shortly after, he took successful military initiative against Rahim Khan. Azim gave East India Company permission to build Fort William in Kolkata. Using Mughal permission, Dutch also built Fort Gustavas in Chinsura and French built Fort Orleans in Chandernagore.
Azim got into conflict with Murshid Quli Khan, the newly appointed Divan of Bengal, over imperial financial control. Considering the complaint of Murshid Quli Khan, emperor Aurangzeb ordered Azim to move to Bihar. In 1703 he transferred the capital to Rajmahal and then again to Pataliputra (present-day Patna). He renamed Pataliputra to Azimabad after his own name.
In 1712, at the time of his father's death, he immediately proclaimed himself emperor. However, he was killed (drowned in the Ravi River) shortly afterwards in the succession struggles that ensued.
Azim-ush-shan's first wife was Bai Jas Kaur, the daughter of Kirat Singh, who was the son of Raja Jai Singh, Kachwala of Amber. She married Azim-ud-din in 1678, and was the mother of Muhammad Karim Mirza born on 12 October 1679. She died at Delhi on 19 February 1721, and was buried at the Qutb.
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