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American blueberry

Blueberry
PattsBlueberries.jpg
Vaccinium corymbosum
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Asterids
Order: Ericales
Family: Ericaceae
Genus: Vaccinium
Section: Cyanococcus
Rydb.
Species

See text

Blueberries, raw
Blueberries-In-Pack.jpg
A punnet of blueberries
Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
Energy 240 kJ (57 kcal)
14.49 g
Sugars 9.96 g
Dietary fiber 2.4 g
0.33 g
0.74 g
Vitamins
Vitamin A equiv.
(0%)
32 μg
80 μg
Vitamin A 54 IU
Thiamine (B1)
(3%)
0.037 mg
Riboflavin (B2)
(3%)
0.041 mg
Niacin (B3)
(3%)
0.418 mg
Pantothenic acid (B5)
(2%)
0.124 mg
Vitamin B6
(4%)
0.052 mg
Folate (B9)
(2%)
6 μg
Vitamin C
(12%)
9.7 mg
Vitamin E
(4%)
0.57 mg
Vitamin K
(18%)
19.3 μg
Minerals
Calcium
(1%)
6 mg
Iron
(2%)
0.28 mg
Magnesium
(2%)
6 mg
Manganese
(16%)
0.336 mg
Phosphorus
(2%)
12 mg
Potassium
(2%)
77 mg
Sodium
(0%)
1 mg
Zinc
(2%)
0.165 mg
Other constituents
Water 84 g

Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults.
Source: USDA Nutrient Database

See text

Blueberries are perennial flowering plants with indigo-colored berries from the section Cyanococcus within the genus Vaccinium (a genus that also includes cranberries, bilberries and grouseberries). Species in the section Cyanococcus are the most common fruits sold as "blueberries" and are native to North America (commercially cultivated highbush blueberries were not introduced into Europe until the 1930s).

Blueberries are usually erect, prostrate shrubs that can vary in size from 10 centimeters (3.9 in) to 4 meters (13 ft) in height. In the commercial production of blueberries, the smaller species are known as "lowbush blueberries" (synonymous with "wild"), while the larger species are known as "highbush blueberries".

The leaves can be either deciduous or evergreen, ovate to lanceolate, and 1–8 cm (0.39–3.15 in) long and 0.5–3.5 cm (0.20–1.38 in) broad. The flowers are bell-shaped, white, pale pink or red, sometimes tinged greenish. The fruit is a berry 5–16 millimeters (0.20–0.63 in) in diameter with a flared crown at the end; they are pale greenish at first, then reddish-purple, and finally dark purple when ripe. They are covered in a protective coating of powdery epicuticular wax, colloquially known as the "bloom". They have a sweet taste when mature, with variable acidity. Blueberry bushes typically bear fruit in the middle of the growing season: fruiting times are affected by local conditions such as altitude and latitude, so the peak of the crop can vary from May to August (in the northern hemisphere) depending upon these conditions.


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