Ala ud din Khalji
| Alauddin Khalji | |||||
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| Sultan | |||||
A 17th century painting of Alauddin Khalji
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| Sultan of Delhi | |||||
| Reign | 19 July 1296–4 January 1316 | ||||
| Coronation | 21 October 1296 | ||||
| Predecessor | Jalaluddin Firuz Khalji | ||||
| Successor | Shihabuddin Omar | ||||
| Governor of Awadh | |||||
| Tenure | c. 1296–19 July 1296 | ||||
| Governor of Kara | |||||
| Tenure | c. 1291–1296 | ||||
| Predecessor | Malik Chajju | ||||
| Successor | ʿAlāʾ ul-Mulk | ||||
| Amir-i-Tuzuk (equivalent to Master of ceremonies) | |||||
| Tenure | c. 1290–1291 | ||||
| Born | Ali Gurshasp c.1266-1267 |
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| Died | 4 January 1316 Delhi, India |
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| Burial | Tomb of Alauddin Khalji, Delhi | ||||
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| House | Khalji | ||||
| Father | Shihabuddin Mas'ud | ||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||
| Regnal name | |
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| Alauddunya wad Din Muhammad Shah-us Sultan |
ʿAlāʾ ud-Dīn Khaljī (r. 1296–1316) was the second ruler of the Khalji dynasty that ruled the Delhi Sultanate in the Indian subcontinent. He was a nephew and a son-in-law of his predecessor Jalaluddin. When Jalaluddin became the Sultan of Delhi after deposing the Mamluks, Alauddin was given the position of Amir-i-Tuzuk (equivalent to master of ceremonies). Alauddin obtained the governorship of Kara in 1291 after suppressing a revolt against Jalaluddin, and the governorship of Awadh in 1296 after a profitable raid on Bhilsa. In 1296, Alauddin raided Devagiri, and acquired loot to stage a successful revolt against Jalaluddin. After killing Jalaluddin, he consolidated his power in Delhi, and subjugated Jalaluddin's sons in Multan. Alauddin wished to become the second Alexander (Sikander Sani), and this title of his was mentioned on coins and public prayers.
Over the next few years, Alauddin successfully fended off the Mongol invasions of India, at Jaran-Manjur (1297-1298), Sivistan (1298), Kili (1299), Delhi (1303), and Amroha (1305). In 1306, his forces achieved a decisive victory against the Mongols near the Ravi riverbank, and in the subsequent years, his forces ransacked the Mongol territories in present-day Afghanistan. The military commanders that successfully led his army against the Mongols include Zafar Khan, Ulugh Khan, and his slave-general Malik Kafur.
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