1994 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
| 1994 North Indian Ocean cyclone season | |
|---|---|
Season summary map
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| Seasonal boundaries | |
| First system formed | March 21, 1994 |
| Last system dissipated | November 20, 1994 |
| Strongest storm | |
| Name | BOB 01 |
| • Maximum winds | 215 km/h (130 mph) (3-minute sustained) |
| • Lowest pressure | 940 hPa (mbar) |
| Seasonal statistics | |
| Depressions | 5 |
| Cyclonic storms | 4 |
| Severe cyclonic storms | 2 |
| Very severe cyclonic storms | 2 |
| Total fatalities | 315 |
| Total damage | > $12.5 million (1994 USD) |
| Related articles | |
| Depression (IMD) | |
| Tropical storm (SSHWS) | |
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| Duration | March 21 – March 24 |
|---|---|
| Peak intensity | 45 km/h (30 mph) (3-min) |
| Extremely severe cyclonic storm (IMD) | |
| Category 4 tropical cyclone (SSHWS) | |
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| Duration | April 26 – May 2 |
|---|---|
| Peak intensity | 215 km/h (130 mph) (3-min) 940 hPa (mbar) |
| Severe cyclonic storm (IMD) | |
| Tropical storm (SSHWS) | |
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| Duration | June 5 – June 9 |
|---|---|
| Peak intensity | 100 km/h (65 mph) (3-min) 980 hPa (mbar) |
| Deep depression (IMD) | |
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| Duration | August 17 – August 21 |
|---|---|
| Peak intensity | 55 km/h (35 mph) (3-min) |
| Deep depression (IMD) | |
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| Duration | October 4 – October 7 |
|---|---|
| Peak intensity | 55 km/h (35 mph) (3-min) |
| Severe cyclonic storm (IMD) | |
| Tropical storm (SSHWS) | |
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| Duration | October 28 – October 31 |
|---|---|
| Peak intensity | 110 km/h (70 mph) (3-min) 988 hPa (mbar) |
| Depression (IMD) | |
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| Duration | November 4 – November 5 |
|---|---|
| Peak intensity | 45 km/h (30 mph) (3-min) |
| Very severe cyclonic storm (IMD) | |
| Tropical storm (SSHWS) | |
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| Duration | November 13 – November 20 |
|---|---|
| Peak intensity | 120 km/h (75 mph) (3-min) 984 hPa (mbar) |
The 1994 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was the period in which tropical cyclones formed within the north Indian Ocean. The season has no official bounds but cyclones tend to form within this basin between April and December. There are two main seas in the North Indian Ocean — the Bay of Bengal to the east of the Indian subcontinent and the Arabian Sea to the west of India. The official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre in this basin is the India Meteorological Department (IMD), while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center releases unofficial advisories. An average of four to six storms form in the North Indian Ocean every season with peaks in May and November. Cyclones occurring between the meridans 45°E and 100°E are included in the season by the IMD.
During 1994 a below average total of eight cyclonic disturbances were recorded during the year, by the India Meteorological Department (IMD) and Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC). This included six systems in the Bay of Bengal and two systems over the Arabian Sea. The first system occurred between March 21–24, but did not affect any land as it became the first cyclonic disturbance to form over the basin during March since 1939.
On March 20, the JTWC started to monitor an area of convection, that had developed to the south-west of the Andaman Islands. The system subsequently moved northwards and became the subject of a tropical cyclone formation alert, before it was declared a depression by the IMD late on March 21, as it peaked with 3-minute sustained windspeeds of 45 km/h (30 mph). The system was subsequently classified as Tropical Cyclone 04B by the JTWC during the next day, before it peaked with 1-minute sustained wind speeds of 75 km/h (45 mph). The system was subsequently last noted by the IMD during March 24, as it weakened into an area of low pressure, before the JTWC issued their final advisory early the next day as the system turned southwards over the sea.
A tropical depression formed in the southeastern Bay of Bengal on April 26. It followed a path and intensity very similar to the 1991 Bangladesh Cyclone, and became a tropical storm on the 29th. On the 30th it became a cyclone while turning north-northeastward, and on May 2 the cyclone reached a peak of 145 mph winds. It weakened to a 130 mph cyclone before hitting near the Bangladesh/Myanmar border later that day. Massive evacuation efforts and minor storm surge due to a low tide led to 285 casualties, a fraction of the similar 1991 cyclone that killed 138,000. It still caused flooding amounting to $125 million (1994 USD).
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