Zhu Ran
| Zhu Ran | |
|---|---|
Statue of Zhu Ran in Ma'anshan
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| General of Eastern Wu | |
| Born | 182 |
| Died | 249 (aged 67) |
| Names | |
| Traditional Chinese | 朱然 |
| Simplified Chinese | 朱然 |
| Pinyin | Zhū Rán |
| Wade–Giles | Chu Jan |
| Courtesy name | Yifeng (traditional Chinese: 義封; simplified Chinese: 义封; pinyin: Yìfēng; Wade–Giles: I-feng) |
| Other names |
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Zhu Ran (182–249),courtesy name Yifeng, birth name Shi Ran, was a military general of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. Despite being a childhood friend of Wu's founding emperor, Sun Quan, he was never tasked with important position nor assignment before Lü Meng's invasion of southern Jing Province in 219, wherein he assisted in capturing the enemy commander Guan Yu. Following the Battle of Xiaoting, Wu's rival state, Cao Wei, launched a three-pronged strike on Wu's northwestern, middle, and eastern borders. Zhu Ran was sent to the northwestern border, where he defended the city of Jiangling with only 5,000 troops against an enemy force about ten times greater. He rose to fame and became feared throughout Wei. He then participated in a series of military operations against Wei, during which he defeated several enemy units, but the overall objectives had never been met. Before his death, Zhu Ran was granted authority to oversee matters within the army.
Originally from Guzhang (故鄣), Danyang (present-dau Anji County, Huzhou), Zhu Ran was a nephew of Sun Ce's veteran general, Zhu Zhi, who had a liking to the 13-year-old Zhu Ran and asked Sun to grant him permission to adopt the child. Since Zhu Zhi had contributed considerably to Sun Ce's pacification of Jiangdong and had not bore a son, Sun specifically ordered the Governor of Danyang to bring presents to Zhu Ran's family for the ceremony and celebration. Thus, Zhu Ran became an adopted son of Zhu Zhi and had his family name changed from "Shi" to "Zhu". In addition, he studied together with Sun Ce's younger brother, Sun Quan, as a young boy, and the two became very intimate. Because of this, after Sun Ce died and was succeeded by Sun Quan, Zhu Ran was made a Prefect of Yuyao (余姚) at the age of 19. Zhu Ran was later appointed as chief of Shanyin (山陰), acting on authority of a captain, to oversee five local counties around the area. Pleased with his abilities, Sun Quan further promoted him to be the Administrator of Linchuan (臨川), and gave him command over 2,000 soldiers.
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