Zhen Dexiu
| Zhen Dexiu | |||||||||
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Zhen Dexiu
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| Born | 1178 Jianzhou, China |
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| Died | 1235 | ||||||||
| Other names | Zhen Jingxi | ||||||||
| Occupation | Politician, philosopher | ||||||||
| Known for | Neo-Confucianism | ||||||||
| Notable work | Expanded Meaning of the Great Learning, Heart Mind Classic | ||||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||||
| Chinese | 真德秀 | ||||||||
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| Courtesy name | |||||||||
| Chinese | 真景元 | ||||||||
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| art name | |||||||||
| Chinese | 西山先生 | ||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Zhen Dexiu |
| Wade–Giles | Chen Te-hsiu |
| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Zhen Jingyuan |
| Wade–Giles | Chen Ching-yüan |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Xishan xiansheng |
Zhen Dexiu (Chinese: 真德秀; Wade–Giles: Chen Te-hsiu; 1178–1235) was a Chinese politician and philosopher during the Southern Song dynasty. His Neo-Confucianist views were influential at court and together with his colleague Wei Liaoweng he was instrumental in making Neo-Confucianism the dominant political philosophy of his time.
Zhen was born in Pucheng(now part of Fujian province). His original family name was Shen (慎), but was changed to Zhen (真) owing to the naming taboo of Emperor Xiaozong. He earned his jinshi qualification in 1199. He held a number of court positions, including Prefect of Quanzhou, Vice Minister of Rites, Minister of Revenue and eventually Vice Counsellor. He was also appointed to the Hanlin Academy. During the early part of his political career Zhen enjoyed the patronage of the Prime Minister Han Tuozhou, despite the latter's opposition to the Neo-Confucianist school of thought that Zhen represented (based on political rivalries with the Neo-Confucian philosopher Zhu Xi). It was not until Han Tuozhou's death that Zhen started to openly advocate the positions of Zhu Xi. Zhen was widely regarded among his peers as the successor to Zhu Xi's teaching, and was able to overturn the ban on the Cheng-Zhu school implemented during Han's premiership.
During the reign of Emperor Lizong, he was known for his uprightness and integrity. Shi Miyuan, then the prime minister, saw Zhen as a potential threat to his political monopoly and removed him from the imperial court.Zhen had not returned to the central government until Shi passed away. During this time, he served as government official in various counties while gaining positive reputation. He died in the year of 1235, several years after his return to the court.
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