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Xu Shichang

Xu Shichang
Xu Shichang.jpg
President of the Republic of China
In office
10 October 1918 – 2 June 1922
Preceded by Feng Guozhang
Succeeded by Zhou Ziqi
Premier of the Republic of China
In office
1 May 1914 – 22 December 1915
Preceded by Sun Baoqi
Succeeded by Lou Tseng-Tsiang
In office
22 March 1916 – 23 April 1916
Preceded by Lou Tseng-Tsiang
Succeeded by Duan Qirui
Personal details
Born (1855-10-20)20 October 1855
Weihui, Henan, Qing Dynasty
Died 5 June 1939(1939-06-05) (aged 83)
Republic of China

Xu Shichang (Hsu Shih-chang; Chinese: 徐世昌; pinyin: Xú Shìchāng; Wade–Giles: Hsü2 Shih4-ch'ang1; courtesy name: Juren (Chu-jen; 菊人); October 20, 1855 – June 5, 1939) was President of the Republic of China (Beijing government) from October 10, 1918 to June 2, 1922.

Xu's ancestral hometown was Yinxian County (current Yinzhou District), Ningbo, Zhejiang Province. Born in Weihui, Henan, he was Yuan Shikai's closest friend. He was at one time the Viceroy of the Three Northeast Provinces and at the end of the Qing dynasty he was made chief of the general staff despite being a civilian. Xu was also the minister of the cabinet in Prince Qing's Cabinet. He resigned as secretary of state (premier) in protest to Yuan's imperial ambition in late 1915. He resumed his post after Yuan abandoned monarchism.

His election as president was largely engineered by Duan Qirui and his Anhui clique. He was chosen because he was a civilian yet had close ties to the Beiyang Army and was neutral to both its Zhili and Anhui cliques. Lacking any military power of his own, he had to play Duan, Zhili leader Cao Kun, and Fengtian leader Zhang Zuolin against each other to stay in power.


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