Woodlands, Moriah, Trinidad and Tobago

Republic of Trinidad and Tobago
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem: "Forged from the Love of Liberty"
Capital	Port of Spain 10°40′N 61°31′W / 10.667°N 61.517°W / 10.667; -61.517
Largest city	Chaguanas 10°30′N 61°23′W / 10.500°N 61.383°W / 10.500; -61.383
Official languages	English
Vernacular language	Trinidadian Creole and Tobagonian Creole
Ethnic groups (2011)	35.43% Indian 34.22% African 15.16% Multiracial (non-Dougla) 7.66% Dougla (African-Indian) 0.59% European (non-Portuguese) 0.30% Chinese 0.11% Indigenous Amerindian 0.08% Arab 0.06% Portuguese 0.17% Other 6.22% Undeclared
Religion	55.3% Christian 18.2% Hindu 5.0% Muslim 1.2% Bahá'í 0.9% Yoruba (Orisha) 0.3% Rastafarian 5.8% Other 11.1% Not stated 2.2% None
Demonym	Trinidadian Trini (colloquial) Tobagonian
Government	Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic
• President	Anthony Carmona
• Prime Minister	Keith Rowley
• Leader of the Opposition	Kamla Persad-Bissessar
• Speaker of the House of Representatives	Brigid Annisette-George
• President of the Senate	Christine Kangaloo
• Chief Justice	Ivor Archie
Legislature	Parliament
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	House of Representatives
Establishment
• Trinidad and Tobago (separately) discovered by the Spanish	1498
• Colonized by the Spanish	1530
• Spain cedes Trinidad and Tobago (as separate colonies) to the United Kingdom at the Treaty of Amiens	25 March 1802
• Unification of Trinidad and Tobago	1889
• Part of the West Indies Federation	3 January 1958 to 31 May 1962
• Independence from the United Kingdom becoming the Commonwealth Realm of Trinidad and Tobago	31 August 1962
• Joins CARICOM at the Treaty of Chaguaramas	1 August 1973
• Republic	1 August 1976
Area
• Total	5,131 km2 (1,981 sq mi) (171st)
• Water (%)	negligible
Population
• 2015 estimate	1,349,667
• 2011 census	1,328,019
• Density	254.4/km2 (658.9/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)	2017 estimate
• Total	$44.654 billion (110th)
• Per capita	$32,520 (36th)
GDP (nominal)	2017 estimate
• Total	$21.748 billion
• Per capita	$15,838
Gini (2012)	39.0 medium
HDI (2014)	0.772 high · 64th
Currency	Trinidad and Tobago dollar (TTD)
Time zone	Atlantic Standard Time (UTC-4)
• Summer (DST)	not observed (UTC-4)
Date format	dd/mm/yyyy
Drives on the	left
Calling code	+1 (868)
ISO 3166 code	TT
Internet TLD	.tt
Holiday celebrated on 24 September.

Coordinates: 11°14′57″N 60°39′09″W / 11.249285°N 60.652557°W / 11.249285; -60.652557

Trinidad and Tobago (/ˈtrɪnɪˌdæd ən təˈbeɪɡoʊ/, /-toʊˈ-/), officially the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, is a twin island country situated off the northern edge of the South American mainland, lying just 11 kilometres (6.8 miles) off the coast of northeastern Venezuela and 130 kilometres (81 miles) south of Grenada. Bordering the Caribbean to the north, it shares maritime boundaries with other nations including Barbados to the northeast, Grenada to the northwest, Guyana to the southeast, and Venezuela to the south and west.