Winter melon
| Winter melon | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Winter melon plant, flower, immature and mature fruit. | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Rosids |
| Order: | Cucurbitales |
| Family: | Cucurbitaceae |
| Subfamily: | Cucurbitoideae |
| Tribe: | Benincaseae |
| Subtribe: | Benincasinae |
| Genus: |
Benincasa Savi |
| Species: | B. hispida |
| Binomial name | |
|
Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn. |
|
| Synonyms | |
|
List
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| Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz) | |
|---|---|
| Energy | 54 kJ (13 kcal) |
|
3 g
|
|
| Dietary fiber | 2.9 g |
|
0.2 g
|
|
|
0.4 g
|
|
| Vitamins | |
| Thiamine (B1) |
(3%)
0.04 mg |
| Riboflavin (B2) |
(9%)
0.11 mg |
| Niacin (B3) |
(3%)
0.4 mg |
| Pantothenic acid (B5) |
(3%)
0.133 mg |
| Vitamin B6 |
(3%)
0.035 mg |
| Vitamin C |
(16%)
13 mg |
| Minerals | |
| Calcium |
(2%)
19 mg |
| Iron |
(3%)
0.4 mg |
| Magnesium |
(3%)
10 mg |
| Manganese |
(3%)
0.058 mg |
| Phosphorus |
(3%)
19 mg |
| Sodium |
(7%)
111 mg |
| Zinc |
(6%)
0.61 mg |
|
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|
|
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| Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults. Source: USDA Nutrient Database |
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The winter melon, also called ash gourd,white gourd, winter gourd, tallow gourd, and Chinese preserving melon is a vine grown for its very large fruit, eaten as a vegetable when mature.
It is the only member of the genus Benincasa. The fruit is fuzzy when young. The immature melon has thick white flesh that is sweet when eaten. By maturity, the fruit loses its hairs and develops a waxy coating, giving rise to the name wax gourd, and providing a long shelf life. The melon may grow as large as 80 cm in length. Although the fruit is referred to as a "melon," the fully grown crop is not sweet. Native to South Asia and Southeast Asia, the winter melon is widely grown throughout Asia.
Winter melon is also a common name for members of the Inodorus cultivar group of the muskmelon (Cucumis melo L), more commonly known as casaba or honeydew melons.
The winter melon requires very warm weather to grow but can be stored for many months much like winter squash. Ash gourds of the Indian subcontinent have a white coating with rough texture. South East Asian varieties have a smooth waxy texture. It is one of the few vegetables available during winter in areas of deciduous vegetation, hence its Chinese name literally means 'winter melon'. The winter melon can typically be stored for 12 months. In India, ash gourd is recognized for its medicinal properties in the Ayurvedic system of medicine.
In Vietnamese cuisine, it is called bí đao, which is usually used to make soup or stew. When cooked with pork short ribs, the resulting soup is traditionally thought to help produce more milk for breastfeeding mothers.
In Chinese cuisine the melons are used in stir fry or usually combined with pork or pork/beef bones to make winter melon soup, often served in the scooped out melon, carved by scraping off the waxy coating. It is also chopped and candied as wintermelon candy (táng dōng guā) to be commonly eaten at New Year festivals, or as filling for Sweetheart cake (lǎopó bǐng). It has also been used as the base filling in Chinese and Taiwanese mooncakes for the Moon Festival.
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Wikipedia