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William H. Rehnquist

William Rehnquist
William Rehnquist.jpg
16th Chief Justice of the United States
In office
September 26, 1986 – September 3, 2005
Nominated by Ronald Reagan
Preceded by Warren Burger
Succeeded by John Roberts
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
In office
January 7, 1972 – September 26, 1986
Nominated by Richard Nixon
Preceded by John Harlan
Succeeded by Antonin Scalia
United States Assistant Attorney General for Legal Counsel
In office
January 29, 1969 – December 1971
President Richard Nixon
Preceded by Frank Wozencraft
Succeeded by Ralph Erickson
Personal details
Born William Hubbs Rehnquist
(1924-10-01)October 1, 1924
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.
Died September 3, 2005(2005-09-03) (aged 80)
Arlington, Virginia, U.S.
Political party Republican
Spouse(s) Nan Cornell (1953–1991)
Children 3
Education Denison University
Stanford University (BA, MA, LLB)
Harvard University (MA)
Signature
Military service
Allegiance  United States
Service/branch  United States Army
Years of service 1943–1946
Battles/wars World War II

William Hubbs Rehnquist (October 1, 1924 – September 3, 2005) was an American lawyer and jurist who served on the Supreme Court of the United States for 33 years, first as an Associate Justice from 1972 to 1986, and then as the 16th Chief Justice of the United States from 1986 until his death in 2005. Considered a conservative, Rehnquist favored a conception of federalism that emphasized the Tenth Amendment's reservation of powers to the states. Under this view of federalism the Court, for the first time since the 1930s, struck down an act of Congress as exceeding its power under the Commerce Clause.

Rehnquist served as chief justice for nearly 19 years, making him the fourth-longest-serving chief justice after John Marshall, Roger Taney, and Melville Fuller, and the longest-serving chief justice who had previously served as an associate justice. The last 11 years of Rehnquist's term as chief justice (1994–2005) marked the second-longest tenure of a single unchanging roster of the Supreme Court, exceeded only between February 1812 and September 1823. He is the eighth-longest-serving justice in Supreme Court history.

Rehnquist was born William Donald Rehnquist in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, on October 1, 1924. He grew up in the suburb of Shorewood. His father, William Benjamin Rehnquist, was a sales manager at various times for printing equipment, paper, and medical supplies and devices; his mother, Margery Peck Rehnquist—the daughter of a local hardware store owner who also served as an officer and director of a small insurance company—was a local civic activist, as well as translator and homemaker. Rehnquist changed his middle name to Hubbs, a family name, because a numerologist told his mother he would be successful with a middle initial of H. His paternal grandparents immigrated from Sweden.


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