Wilhelm Wien
| Wilhelm Wien | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Born |
Wilhelm Carl Werner Otto Fritz Franz Wien |
| Died | 30 August 1928 (aged 64) Munich, Germany |
| Nationality | German |
| Fields | Physics |
| Institutions |
University of Giessen University of Würzburg University of Munich RWTH Aachen Columbia University |
| Alma mater |
University of Göttingen University of Berlin |
| Doctoral advisor | Hermann von Helmholtz |
| Doctoral students |
Karl Hartmann Gabriel Holtsmark Eduard Rüchardt |
| Known for |
Blackbody radiation Wien's displacement law |
| Notable awards | Nobel Prize for Physics (1911) |
| Spouse | Luise Mehler (1898) |
Wilhelm Carl Werner Otto Fritz Franz Wien
13 January 1864
Gaffken near Fischhausen,
Wilhelm Carl Werner Otto Fritz Franz Wien (German: [ˈviːn]; 13 January 1864 – 30 August 1928) was a German physicist who, in 1893, used theories about heat and electromagnetism to deduce Wien's displacement law, which calculates the emission of a blackbody at any temperature from the emission at any one reference temperature.
He also formulated an expression for the black-body radiation which is correct in the photon-gas limit. His arguments were based on the notion of adiabatic invariance, and were instrumental for the formulation of quantum mechanics. Wien received the 1911 Nobel Prize for his work on heat radiation.
He was a cousin of Max Wien, inventor of the Wien bridge.
Wien was born at Gaffken near Fischhausen, Province of Prussia (now Primorsk, Russia) as the son of landowner Carl Wien. In 1866, his family moved to Drachstein near Rastenburg (Rastembork).
In 1879, Wien went to school in Rastenburg and from 1880-1882 he attended the city school of Heidelberg. In 1882 he attended the University of Göttingen and the University of Berlin. From 1883-85, he worked in the laboratory of Hermann von Helmholtz and, in 1886, he received his Ph.D. with a thesis on the diffraction of light upon metals and on the influence of various materials upon the color of refracted light. From 1896 to 1899, Wien lectured at RWTH Aachen University. In 1900 he went to the University of Würzburg and became successor of Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen.
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