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Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata

Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata
Virreinato del Río de la Plata
Viceroyalty of the Spanish Empire
1776–1814


Naval flag of Spain since 1785 and of maritime places and coastal forts from 1793

Motto
Plus Ultra
"Further Beyond"
Anthem
Marcha Real
"Royal March"
Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata and disputed de jure extension (light green)
Capital Buenos Aires
(1776–1810)
Montevideo
(1811–1814)
Languages Spanish
Religion Roman Catholicism
Government Monarchy
King Kings of Spain
Viceroyalty List of Viceroys
List of Governors
List of Intendentes
History
 •  Established 1 August 1776
 •  British invasions
of the Río de la Plata
1st – 2 January 1806
2nd – 3 February 1807
 •  May Revolution 25 May 1810
 •  Independence of Paraguay 14 May 1811
 •  Fall of Montevideo 20 June 1814
Currency Spanish colonial real
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Viceroyalty of Peru
United Provinces of the Río de la Plata
Paraguay
Bolivia


Naval flag of Spain since 1785 and of maritime places and coastal forts from 1793

The Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata (Spanish: Virreinato del Río de la Plata) was the last to be organized and also the shortest-lived of the Viceroyalties of the Spanish Empire in the Americas.

The Viceroyalty was established in 1776 from several former Viceroyalty of Perú dependencies that mainly extended over the Río de la Plata Basin, roughly the present-day territories of Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay and Uruguay, extending inland from the Atlantic Coast.Buenos Aires, located on the western shore of the Río de la Plata estuary flowing into the Atlantic Ocean, opposite the Portuguese outpost of Colonia del Sacramento, was chosen as the capital. Usually considered one of the late Bourbon Reforms, the organization of this viceroyalty was motivated on both commercial grounds (Buenos Aires was by then a major spot for illegal trade), as well as on security concerns brought about by the growing interest of competing foreign powers in the area. The Spanish Crown wanted to protect its territory against Great Britain and the Kingdom of Portugal.


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