Vacha Reservoir
| Vacha Reservoir | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Location | Devin Municipality |
| Coordinates | 41°55′55″N 24°26′18″E / 41.931944°N 24.438333°ECoordinates: 41°55′55″N 24°26′18″E / 41.931944°N 24.438333°E |
| Type | reservoir |
| Primary inflows | Vacha River |
| Primary outflows | Vacha River |
| Basin countries | Bulgaria |
| Max. length | 35 km (22 mi) |
| Max. depth | 160 m (520 ft) |
| Water volume | 226 million m³ (6.0×1010 US gal) |
| Surface elevation | 680 metres (2,230 ft) |
Vacha Reservoir (Bulgarian: Въча язовир Yazovir Vacha; before 1999: Antonivanovtsi Reservoir) is a body of water associated with a dam in Devin Municipality, south Bulgaria. It is part of the Vacha Cascade Joint Implementation Project involving three more dams and four power stations. The two other existing dams on the Vacha River are the Kamak Dam and the Tsankov Dam; the Krichim Dam is in the implementation stage.
Completed on 5 November 1975, the Vacha Dam is situated 680 metres (2,230 ft) above sea level. The dam was designed by Bulgarian hydroengineers, though their work was overseen by Russian, Japanese and Italian experts. It is a concrete gravity structure of 144.5 metres (474 ft) height, making it the tallest dam in Bulgaria. Its pumped storage power plant has a capacity of 160 MW.
The potential of hydroelectric projects on the Vacha River in southern Bulgaria was recognized by the Bulgarian government at least as early as the early 1960s. The June 1962 edition of Water Power stated that the dam was "scheduled to add 436 MW to the Bulgarian system by the end of 1965." In 1964, Energy International reported that dam construction on the river was underway. It appears that development of the dam took longer than expected, eventually completed in 1975.
As the dam was designed for a maximum seismic design acceleration of 0.05 g according to the regulations apparent in Bulgaria in 1964, it was considered appropriate to study the safety of the dam structure by two dimensional finite element method under revised seismic norms prescribed in 1984, namely for two levels, the “Design Earthquake (DE)” and Maximum Credible Earthquake (MCE), taking due note of the interaction between the foundation soil and the structure and the non-linear behaviour of concrete. The seismic accelerations considered in the analysis were 0.32 g, 0.5 g and 1.1 g. The analysis concluded that the dam is safe under the seismic considerations except that partial damage could occur under the maximum seismic design factor but the dam would not fail.
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