United Mexican States (1824–1864)
| United Mexican States | ||||||||||
| Estados Unidos Mexicanos | ||||||||||
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Motto Religión, Independencia, Unión Religion, Independence, Union |
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 The United Mexican States in 1830
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| Capital | Mexico City | |||||||||
| Languages | Spanish (official), Nahuatl, Yucatec Maya, Mixtecan languages, Zapotec languages | |||||||||
| Religion | Roman Catholic | |||||||||
| Government | Federal Republic | |||||||||
| President | ||||||||||
| • | 1824–1829 | Guadalupe Victoria (first) | ||||||||
| • | 1835 | Miguel Barragán (last) | ||||||||
| Vice President | ||||||||||
| • | 1824–1827 | Nicolás Bravo | ||||||||
| • | 1829–1832 | Anastasio Bustamante | ||||||||
| • | 1833–1835 | Valentín Gómez Farías | ||||||||
| Legislature | Congress | |||||||||
| • | Upper house | Senate | ||||||||
| • | Lower house | Chamber of Deputies | ||||||||
| History | ||||||||||
| • | Republic established | 1 November 1824 | ||||||||
| • | Constitution adopted | 4 October 1824 | ||||||||
| • | Centralist Republic established | 23 October 1835 | ||||||||
| Area | ||||||||||
| • | 1824 | 4,500,000 km² (1,737,460 sq mi) | ||||||||
| Population | ||||||||||
| • | 1824 est. | 6,500,000 | ||||||||
| Density | 1.4 /km² (3.7 /sq mi) | |||||||||
| • | 1834 est. | 7,734,292 | ||||||||
| Density | 1.7 /km² (4.5 /sq mi) | |||||||||
| Currency | Mexican real | |||||||||
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| Today part of |
 Mexico United States
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The First Federal Republic (Spanish: Primera República Federal) was a period in Mexican history corresponding to the first time in which both, republic and federation were established as form of government in the Mexican nation. Officially the United Mexican States (Spanish: Estados Unidos Mexicanos, 
listen ), it was bordered on the north by the United States and Oregon Country; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Federal Republic of Central America, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico.
The republic was proclaimed on November 1, 1823 by Constituent Congress, months after the fall of the Mexican Empire of Agustín de Iturbide. The federation was formally and legally established on October 4, 1824 when the Federal Constitution of the United Mexican States came into force.
The Federal Republic lasted almost twelve years with constant struggles between the main political parties: the Conservatives, landowners and former monarchists, favoring a strong central government and a confessional state; and the Liberals, republicans favoring a limited government power divided among the federated states and a secular nation. That caused a severe political instability and violence.
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Wikipedia