Unitarian Party
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Unitarian Party
Partido Unitario |
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|---|---|
| Historical leaders |
Bernardino Rivadavia Juan Lavalle José María Paz Gregorio Aráoz de Lamadrid |
| Founded | 1816 |
| Dissolved | 1862 |
| Headquarters | Buenos Aires, Argentina |
| Ideology |
Liberalism Centralism Unitarianism |
| Colors | Blue |
| Party flag | |
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Unitarianists or Unitarians (in Spanish, Unitarios) were the proponents of the concept of a unitary state (centralized government) in Buenos Aires during the civil wars which shortly followed the Declaration of Independence of Argentina in 1816. They were opposed to the Argentine Federalists, who wanted a federation of independent provinces. (Argentine Unitarianism was an ideologic grouping, not a religious one, and it is unrelated to religious Unitarianism.)
In the Argentine War of Independence the forces of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata fought Spanish royalists who attempted to regain control of their American colonies after the Napoleonic Wars.
After the victorious May Revolution of 1810, disagreements arose between the dominant province of Buenos Aires, who were known as Unitarianists, and the other provinces of Argentina, known as the Federalists. These were evident at least as early as the declaration of Argentine independence in 1816.
The Unitarianists lost their controlling power after the Battle of Cepeda (1820), which was followed by several months of anarchy. However, the Unitarianists were forced to sign a treaty with other provinces. This did not solve the conflicts between the Federalists and the Unitarians.
Under President Bernardino Rivadavia (1826–1827), the Unitarianists gained control for a short period of time. The Constitution of 1826 allowed for a balance between the ideas of the Unitarianists and the Federalists: “It provided for a centralized national authority while leaving the provinces with considerable local powers.” However, the constitution was rejected by provincial caudillos, military leaders, and the conflict continued.
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