Tughlaq dynasty

Tughlaq Dynasty
تغلق شاهیان or تغلقیه
1320–1413
Territory under Tughlaq dynasty of Delhi Sultanate, 1330-1335 AD. The empire shrank after 1335 AD.
Capital		Delhi
Languages		Persian (official)
Religion		Official: Sunni Islam Subjects: Hinduism,Shia, Others
Government		Sultanate
Sultan
•	1321–1325	Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq
•	1325–1351	Muhammad bin Tughluq
•	1351–1388	Firuz Shah Tughlaq
•	1388–1413	Ghiyath-ud-din Tughluq Shah / Abu Bakr Shah / Muhammad Shah / Mahmud Tughlaq / Nusrat Shah
Historical era		Medieval
•	Established	1320
•	Disestablished	1413
Area		3,200,000 km² (1,235,527 sq mi)
Preceded by Succeeded by Khilji dynasty Sayyid dynasty Vijayanagara Empire Bahmani Sultanate Bengal Sultanate Gujarat Sultanate
Today part of		India    Nepal  Pakistan  Bangladesh

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The Tughlaq dynasty (Persian: سلسلہ تغلق‎‎), also referred to as Tughluq or Tughluk dynasty, was a Muslim dynasty of Turkic origin which ruled over the Delhi sultanate in medieval India. Its reign started in 1320 in Delhi when Ghazi Malik assumed the throne under the title of Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq. The dynasty ended in 1413.

The dynasty expanded its territorial reach through a military campaign led by Muhammad ibn Tughluq, and reached its zenith between 1330 and 1335. Its rule was marked with torture, cruelty and rebellions, resulting in the rapid disintegration of the dynasty's territorial reach after 1335 AD.

The Khilji dynasty ruled the Delhi Sultanate before 1320. Its last ruler, Khusro Khan was a Hindu who had converted to Islam and then served Delhi Sultanate as the general of its army. Khusro Khan, along with Malik Kafur, had led numerous military campaigns on behalf of Alauddin Khilji, to expand the Sultanate and plunder non-Muslim kingdoms in India.