Toltec Empire
| Toltec Empire | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Altepetl Tolteca | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| disputed | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Approximate influence of the Toltecs in 950
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| Capital | Tollan-Xicocotitlan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Languages | Nahuatl, Itza’, Mixtec, Zapotec, Totonac, Otomi, Pame, Purépecha, others | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Religion | Toltec religion | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tlatoani | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| • | 496-510 | Huemac I | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| • | 510-562 | Chalchiuhtlanetzin | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| • | 923-947 | Ce Acatl Topiltzin | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1047-1122 | Huemac | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Historical era | Classic/Post Classic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| • | Toltecs leave Teotihuacan | 496 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| • | Treaty between the Toltecs and Chichimeca | 567 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| • | Topiltzin Ce Acatl Quetzalcoatl conquers the northern part of the Yucatan Peninsula | c.930 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| • | Mexica Invasion | 1122 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency | Quachtli | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| a. | The status of the Toltecs as an empire has been disputed | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| b. | Wether Yucatan was actually a province of the Toltec empire or an area where the toltecs had a heavy influence has also been disputed | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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According to Aztec historiography, the Toltec Empire, Toltec Kingdom or Altepetl Tolteca was a political entity in Mexico. It existed through the classic and post classic periods of Mesoamerican chronology, but gained most of its power in the Post classic. During this time its sphere of influence reached as far away as the Yucatan Peninsula. Its core cities were Tula, Tulancingo, and Huapalcalco, the more distant cities under its control and influence were Chupícuaro, Chichen Itza, and Coba.
In the late 5th century Teotihuacan was the most powerful city in central Mexico. The Toltecs were one ethnicity living in the city. Around 496 they were forced to leave, led by Huémac I (476-572), and many of them moved to Tula. The others migrated to Tlillan-Tlapallan. The Toltecs and Chichimeca were constantly at war. Huémac I decided to make peace with the Chichimeca and form a permanent monarchy. In the treaty, the Tlatoani to succeed Huémac was to be Chalchiuhtlanetzin, who was Chichimeca. The date that the treaty was created is disputed, but was probably 510 or 567. Either way Huémac continued living after Chalchiuhtlanetzin was crowned.
The dynastic history of the Toltecs was recorded by several Aztec Codices although there are contradictions in most of them.
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Wikipedia