Third Battle of Seoul

Third Battle of Seoul
Part of the Korean War
Chinese troops celebrate the capture of Seoul.
Date December 31, 1950 – January 7, 1951 Location Seoul, South Korea Result Chinese tactical victory; Chinese strategic failure
Belligerents
United Nations  Australia South Korea  Thailand  United Kingdom  United States	China  North Korea
Commanders and leaders
Douglas MacArthur Matthew B. Ridgway Lee Hyung Koon Paik Sun Yup Chang Do Yong Basil Aubrey Coad Thomas Brodie Kriengkrai Attanantna	Mao Zedong Peng Dehuai Han Xianchu Lee Kwon Mu
Units involved
Eighth Army: I Corps 1st Infantry Division 25th Infantry Division 27th Infantry Brigade IX Corps 6th Infantry Division 24th Infantry Division 29th Infantry Brigade 21st Royal Thai Regiment III Corps 2nd Infantry Division 5th Infantry Division	13th Army 38th Corps 112th Division 113th Division 114th Division 39th Corps 115th Division 116th Division 117th Division 40th Corps 118th Division 119th Division 120th Division 42nd Corps 124th Division 125th Division 126th Division 50th Corps 148th Division 149th Division 150th Division 66th Corps 196th Division 197th Division 198th Division North Korean Army I Corps
Strength
US: 136,525 Commonwealth: 12,269 South Korea: Unknown	~170,000
Casualties and losses
Australia: 9 South Korea: Unknown UK: 300 US: 481 Chinese estimation: 19,000	China: ~5,800 North Korea: ~2,700

Coordinates: 37°34′08″N 126°58′36″E / 37.56889°N 126.97667°E / 37.56889; 126.97667 (Seoul)

 United Nations

The Third Battle of Seoul, also known as the Chinese New Year's Offensive, the January–Fourth Retreat (Korean: 1•4 후퇴) or the Third Phase Campaign Western Sector (Chinese: 第三次战役西线; pinyin: Dì Sān Cì Zhàn Yì Xī Xiàn), was a battle of the Korean War, which took place from December 31, 1950 to January 7, 1951 around the South Korean capital of Seoul. In the aftermath of the major Chinese victory at the Battle of the Ch'ongch'on River, the United Nations Command started to contemplate the possibility of evacuation from the Korean Peninsula. Upon learning of this development, China's Chairman Mao Zedong ordered the Chinese People's Volunteer Army to cross the 38th parallel in an effort to pressure the United Nations forces to withdraw from South Korea.

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