The Farewell Pilgrimage

The Farewell Pilgrimage (Arabic: حجة الوداع) was the last and only Hajj pilgrimage Muhammad, prophet of Islam, participated in 632 CE (10 AH). The Muslims observed every move, every act, and every gesture of Muhammad on this occasion, and everything that he did, became a precedent for all time, to be followed by all Muslims all over the world.

Muhammad lived in Medina for 10 years and had not performed Hajj in full, though he had performed the Umrah on two previous occasions. The revelation of the verse:

And proclaim to the people the Hajj [pilgrimage]; they will come to you on foot and on every lean camel; they will come from every distant pass (22:27)

caused him to announce that he would go on the Hajj that year. The people of Medina and surrounding towns gathered in the city to accompany the Islamic Prophet during the Hajj rituals. Before his departure, he appointed Abu Dujana Ansari as governor of Medina during his own absence. On the 25th of Dhu al-Qi'dah, 4 nights before the end of Dhu al-Qi'dah (February 632), he left Medina, accompanied by all his wives.

Before arriving in Mecca, Muhammad stayed at Miqat and taught people the manners of wearing Ihram. He made ghusl (ritual bath) and then put on Ihram for Hajj. His Ihram clothing was two pieces of Yemeni unsewed white cotton that later on became his shroud; and moved on so that he did his noon prayers in the mosque of Shajara. Later, Muslims built some mosques at the places Muhammad stayed prayed.

The next day, Muhammad and his companions arrived at the Masjid al-Haram. They entered from the gate of Dar al-Salam, went to the Kaaba and touched black stone. Then Muhammad proceeded to Circumambulation of the Kaaba (Tawaf). Finally once again touched Black Stone, kissed it and cried long near it. Then, he did two Rakat of prayer behind The Station of Abraham.

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