Ghusl

Ghusl (Arabic: غسل‎‎ Ġusl , IPA: [ˈɣʊsl]) is an Arabic term referring to the full-body ritual purification mandatory before the performance of various rituals and prayers, for any adult Muslim after having sexual intercourse, ejaculation, or completion of the menstrual cycle.

The washing is also recommended but not required (i.e. it is mustahabb) before Jumu'ah and Eid prayers, before entering the ihram in preparation for Hajj, after having lost consciousness, and after formally converting. The Shia also perform the ablution before Namaz-e-tawbah (Prayer of Repentance).

Ghusl is often translated as "full ablution", as opposed to the "partial ablution", of wudu وضوء that Muslims perform after lesser impurities such as urination, defecation, breaking wind, deep sleep, light bleeding, etc.

Ghusl becomes obligatory for seven causes, and the ghusl for each of these different causes has different names:

Similar to Wudu, some water is permissible for use for ghusl whereas some water is not, as defined by the source of the water.

The Quranic mandate for ghusl comes in surah an-Nisa:

O Believers, do not come near to prayer when you are drunk, until you know what you are saying; nor when sexually defiled, unless passing through, until you perform ablutions. If you are ill, or on a journey, or one of you comes from the toilet, or you had intercourse with women, and you do not find water, then use some clean earth and wipe your faces and hands.^{[Quran 4:42–43 (Translated by Tarif Khalidi)]}

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