Tatsama

Tatsama (Sanskrit; IPA: [tətsəmə]) are Sanskrit loanwords in modern Indo-Aryan languages like Bengali, Marathi, Oriya, Hindi, Gujarati, Sinhala and Dravidian languages like Malayalam, Kannada, Telugu, and Tamil. They belong to a higher and more erudite register than common words, many of which are (in modern Indo-Aryan languages) directly inherited from Old Indo-Aryan (tadbhava). The tatsama register can be compared to the use of words of Greek origin in English (e.g. hubris).

The origin of tatsamas (Bengali: tôtsômô) in Bengali is traced to tenth century Brahmin poets, who felt that the colloquial language was not suitable for their expressive needs. Another wave of tatsamas entered the then Bengali language by Sanskrit scholars teaching at Fort William College in Kolkata at the start of the 19th century. The textbooks used in these courses paved the way for more tatsamas words entering common usage.

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