Supercentenarians

A supercentenarian (sometimes hyphenated as super-centenarian) is someone who has lived to or passed their 110th birthday. This age is achieved by about one in 1,000 centenarians. Anderson et al. concluded that supercentenarians live a life typically free of major age-related diseases until shortly before maximum human lifespan is reached (~125 years).

In 2003, the Gerontology Research Group estimated that there were 300–450 living supercentenarians in the world (an estimate not updated as of 2017^[update]), while they had validated approximately 40 cases. Adding those mentioned in other sources results in over 100 cases. A study conducted in 2010 by the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research found 663 validated cases of supercentenarians, living and dead, and showed that the countries with the highest total number (not frequency) of supercentenarians (in decreasing order) were the United States,Japan, England plus Wales, France, and Italy.

The first verified supercentenarian in human history, Geert Adriaans Boomgaard, died in the late nineteenth century, and it was not until the 1980s that the oldest verified age surpassed 115.

The term supercentenarian has been in existence since at least the nineteenth century. The term ultracentenarian has also been used to describe someone well over 100 — Norris McWhirter, editor of The Guinness Book of Records, used the word in correspondence with age claims researcher A. Ross Eckler Jr. in 1976, and it was further popularised in 1991 by William Strauss and Neil Howe in their book Generations. Meanwhile, semisupercentenarian has been used for the age range of 105–109 years. Early references to supercentenarian tend to mean simply "someone well over 100", but the 110-and-over cutoff is the accepted criterion of demographers.

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