Sun Kuang
| Sun Kuang | |
|---|---|
| Born | (Unknown) |
| Died | (Unknown) |
| Names | |
| Traditional Chinese | 孫匡 |
| Simplified Chinese | 孙匡 |
| Pinyin | Sūn Kuāng |
| Wade–Giles | Sun K'uang |
| Courtesy name | Jizuo (Chinese: 季佐; pinyin: Jìzuǒ; Wade–Giles: Chi-tso) |
Sun Kuang (birth and death dates unknown), courtesy name Jizuo, was a younger brother of Sun Quan, a warlord who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty and became the founding emperor of the state of Eastern Wu in the Three Kingdoms period.
Sun Kuang was the fourth son of the warlord Sun Jian and his wife Lady Wu. Little is known about his life. When he was around the age of 19, he was nominated as a xiaolian and maocai (茂才) to join the civil service. However, he never held any offices and died in his early 20s.
Sun Jian was killed in action at the Battle of Xiangyang in 191 and was succeeded by his eldest son, Sun Ce. The Wei Shu recorded that Sun Ce, who should rightfully inherit his father's title "Marquis of Wucheng" (烏程侯), declined to accept the title and offered it to Sun Kuang instead. Between 194 and 199, Sun Ce embarked on a series of conquests in the Jiangdong region and established his power base there. Around the time, the warlord Cao Cao, who controlled the Han central government and the figurehead Han ruler, Emperor Xian, became wary of Sun Ce's growing influence in the south, so he sought to establish marital ties with Sun. Cao Cao's son, Cao Zhang, married the daughter of Sun Ben, a cousin of Sun Ce, while Cao Cao's niece married Sun Kuang.
The Jiang Biao Zhuan recorded that Sun Kuang served under his second brother, Sun Quan (Sun Ce's successor), as General of the Household Who Solidifies Martial Might (定武中郎將). He fought in the Wu army at the Battle of Dongkou of 222–223 against Wei invading forces commanded by Cao Xiu. During the battle, he ordered the Wu general Lü Fan to set fire, but accidentally destroyed a large portion of the Wu army's supplies, resulting in a shortage. Lü Fan immediately sent Sun Kuang back to the Wu capital. Sun Quan was furious with his younger brother and he punished his brother by forcing him to change his family name to "Ding" (丁) and placing him under permanent house arrest.
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