Stonewall Jackson

Lieutenant general Thomas Jonathan Jackson
General Jackson photographed at Winchester, Virginia 1862
Birth name	Thomas Jonathan Jackson
Nickname(s)	"Stonewall", "Old Jack", "Old Blue Light", "Tom Fool"
Born	(1824-01-21)January 21, 1824 Clarksburg, Virginia, U.S. (now Clarksburg, West Virginia)
Died	May 10, 1863(1863-05-10) (aged 39) Guinea Station, Virginia
Buried at	Stonewall Jackson Memorial Cemetery Lexington, Virginia, U.S.
Allegiance	United States of America (1846–1851)  Confederate States of America (1861–1863)
Service/branch	United States Army  Confederate States Army
Years of service	1846–1851 1861–1863
Rank	First Lieutenant (USA) Brevet Major (USA) Lieutenant General (CSA)
Commands held	Stonewall Brigade Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia
Battles/wars	Mexican–American War American Civil War Great Train Raid of 1861 Battle of Falling Waters First Battle of Bull Run (First Manassas)  (WIA) Romney Expedition Jackson's Valley Campaign First Battle of Kernstown Battle of Front Royal First Battle of Winchester Battle of Port Republic Seven Days Battles Battle of Gaines's Mill Battle of Savage's Station Battle of White Oak Swamp Battle of Malvern Hill Northern Virginia Campaign Battle of Cedar Mountain First Battle of Rappahannock Station Manassas Station Second Battle of Bull Run (Second Manassas) Battle of Chantilly Maryland Campaign Battle of Harpers Ferry Battle of Antietam Battle of Fredericksburg Battle of Chancellorsville  (DOW)
Signature

Mexican–American War
American Civil War

Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson (January 21, 1824 – May 10, 1863) was a Confederate general during the American Civil War, and the best-known Confederate commander after General Robert E. Lee. His military career includes the Valley Campaign of 1862 and his service as a corps commander in the Army of Northern Virginia, under Robert E. Lee. Confederate pickets accidentally shot him at the Battle of Chancellorsville on May 2, 1863. The general survived but lost an arm to amputation; he died of complications from pneumonia eight days later. His death was a severe setback for the Confederacy, affecting not only its military prospects, but also the morale of its army and of the general public. Jackson in death became an icon of Southern heroism and commitment, and became a mainstay in the pantheon of the "Lost Cause".

Military historians consider Jackson to be one of the most gifted tactical commanders in U.S. history. His Valley Campaign and his envelopment of the Union Army's right wing at Chancellorsville are studied worldwide, even today, as examples of innovative and bold leadership. He excelled as well in other battles: the First Battle of Bull Run (First Manassas), where he received his famous nickname "Stonewall"; the Second Battle of Bull Run (Second Manassas); and the battles of Antietam and Fredericksburg. Jackson was not, however, universally successful as a commander as displayed by his late arrival and confused efforts during the Seven Days Battles around Richmond, in 1862.