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Battle of Chancellorsville

Battle of Chancellorsville
Part of the American Civil War
Battle of Chancellorsville.png
Battle of Chancellorsville, by Kurz and Allison, 1889.
(Depicts the wounding of Confederate Lt. Gen. Stonewall Jackson on May 2, 1863)
Date April 30 (1863-04-30) – May 6, 1863 (1863-05-06)
Location Spotsylvania County, Virginia
38°18′38″N 77°38′54″W / 38.3105°N 77.6484°W / 38.3105; -77.6484Coordinates: 38°18′38″N 77°38′54″W / 38.3105°N 77.6484°W / 38.3105; -77.6484
Result Confederate victory
Belligerents
 United States (Union)  Confederate States
Commanders and leaders
Joseph Hooker Robert E. Lee
Stonewall Jackson  (DOW)
Units involved
Army of the Potomac Army of Northern Virginia
Strength

Chancellorsville Campaign:

  • 133,868 ("present for duty equipped"):
    • Chancellorsville:
      c. 106,000 (Army of the Potomac minus VI Corps-2nd Div./II Corps);
    • 2nd Fredericksburg/Salem Church:
      c. 28,000 (VI Corps; 2nd Div./II Corps);
 60,298
Casualties and losses

Chancellorsville Campaign:

  • 17,287
    (1,606 killed
     9,762 wounded
     5,919 captured/missing):
    • Chancellorsville:
      12,145 (1,082 killed
       6,849 wounded
       4,214 captured/missing);
    • 2nd Fredericksburg/Salem Church:
      4,700 (493 killed
       2,710 wounded
       1,497 captured/missing);
    • Minor skirmishes:
      442 (31 killed
       203 wounded
       208 captured/missing);
 13,303
(1,665 killed
 9,081 wounded
 2,018 captured/missing)
Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania County Battlefields Memorial National Military Park
ChancellorsvilleBattlefieldModern.jpg
A piece of artillery.
Area 4,601.1 acres (1,862 ha)
NRHP Reference # 66000046
VLR # 111-0147
Significant dates
Added to NRHP October 15, 1966
Designated VLR January 16, 1973

Chancellorsville Campaign:

Chancellorsville Campaign:

The Battle of Chancellorsville was a major battle of the American Civil War, and the principal engagement of the Chancellorsville Campaign. It was fought from April 30 to May 6, 1863, in Spotsylvania County, Virginia, near the village of Chancellorsville. Two related battles were fought nearby on May 3 in the vicinity of Fredericksburg. The campaign pitted Union Army Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker's Army of the Potomac against an army less than half its size, General Robert E. Lee's Confederate Army of Northern Virginia. Chancellorsville is known as Lee's "perfect battle" because his risky decision to divide his army in the presence of a much larger enemy force resulted in a significant Confederate victory. The victory, a product of Lee's audacity and Hooker's timid decision making, was tempered by heavy casualties and the mortal wounding of Lt. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson by friendly fire, a loss that Lee likened to "losing my right arm."

The Chancellorsville Campaign began with the crossing of the Rappahannock River by the Union army on the morning of April 27, 1863. Union cavalry under Maj. Gen. George Stoneman began a long distance raid against Lee's supply lines at about the same time. This operation was completely ineffectual. Crossing the Rapidan River via Germanna and Ely's Fords, the Federal infantry concentrated near Chancellorsville on April 30. Combined with the Union force facing Fredericksburg, Hooker planned a double envelopment, attacking Lee from both his front and rear.


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