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Sophia of Hanover

Sophia of the Palatinate
SophiaofHanover.jpg
Electress consort of Hanover
Tenure 19 December 1692 – 23 January 1698
Duchess consort of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Tenure 18 December 1679 – 23 January 1698
Born (1630-10-14)14 October 1630
The Hague, Netherlands
Died 8 June 1714(1714-06-08) (aged 83)
Herrenhausen, Hanover
Burial 9 June 1714
Leine Castle, Hanover
Spouse Ernest Augustus, Elector of Hanover
Issue
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House Palatinate-Simmern
Father Frederick V, Elector Palatine
Mother Elizabeth Stuart

Sophia of the Palatinate (commonly referred to as Sophia of Hanover; 14 October 1630 – 8 June 1714) was the Electress of Hanover from 1692 to 1698. She became heir presumptive to the crowns of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Ireland under the Act of Settlement 1701. After the Act of Union, 1707 unified the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland, she became heir presumptive to the throne of the Kingdom of Great Britain.

Sophia, a granddaughter of James VI and I, died less than two months before she would have become queen; her claim to the throne passed on to her eldest son, George Louis, Elector of Hanover, who ascended as George I on 1 August 1714 (Old Style).

Born to Frederick V, Elector Palatine, and Elizabeth Stuart, in 1630, Sophia grew up in the Dutch Republic, where her family had sought refuge after the sequestration of their Electorate during the Thirty Years' War. Sophia's brother Charles Louis was restored to the Palatinate as part of the Peace of Westphalia. Sophia married Ernest Augustus of Brunswick-Lüneburg in 1658. Despite his jealous temper and frequent absences, Sophia loved him, and bore him seven children who survived to adulthood. Initially a landless cadet, Ernest Augustus succeeded in having the House of Hanover raised to electoral dignity in 1692. Therefore, Sophia became Electress of Hanover, the title by which she is best remembered. A patron of the arts, Sophia commissioned the palace and gardens of Herrenhausen and sponsored philosophers, such as Gottfried Leibniz and John Toland.


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