Sodium acetate
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| Names | |
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IUPAC name
Sodium acetate
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Systematic IUPAC name
Sodium ethanoate
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| Other names
Hot ice (Sodium acetate trihydrate)
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| Identifiers | |
127‑09‑3  6131‑90‑4 (trihydrate)
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| 3D model (Jmol) | Interactive image |
| ChEBI |
CHEBI:32954 
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| ChEMBL |
ChEMBL1354
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| ChemSpider |
29105
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.004.386 |
| EC Number | 204-823-8 |
| E number | E262 (preservatives) |
| PubChem | 517045 |
| RTECS number | AJ4300010 (anhydrous) AJ4580000 |
| UNII |
NVG71ZZ7P0
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| Properties | |
| C2H3NaO2 | |
| Molar mass | 82.03 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | White deliquescent powder |
| Odor | Vinegar (acetic acid) odor when heated to decomposition |
| Density | 1.528 g/cm3 (20 °C, anhydrous) 1.45 g/cm3 (20 °C, trihydrate) |
| Melting point | 324 °C (615 °F; 597 K) (anhydrous) 58 °C (136 °F; 331 K) (trihydrate) |
| Boiling point | 881.4 °C (1,618.5 °F; 1,154.5 K) (anhydrous) 122 °C (252 °F; 395 K) (trihydrate) decomposes |
| Anhydrous: 119 g/100 mL (0 °C) 123.3 g/100 mL (20 °C) 125.5 g/100 mL (30 °C) 137.2 g/100 mL (60 °C) 162.9 g/100 mL (100 °C) Trihydrate: 32.9 g/100 mL (-10 °C) 36.2 g/100 mL (0 °C) 46.4 g/100 mL (20 °C) 82 g/100 mL (50 °C) |
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| Solubility | Soluble in alcohol, hydrazine, SO2 |
| Solubility in methanol | 16 g/100 g (15 °C) 16.55 g/100 g (67.7 °C) |
| Solubility in ethanol | Trihydrate: 5.3 g/100 mL |
| Solubility in acetone | 0.5 g/kg (15 °C) |
| Acidity (pKa) | 24 (20 °C) 4.76 CH3COOH |
| Basicity (pKb) | 9.25 |
| −37.6·10−6 cm3/mol | |
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Refractive index (nD)
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1.464 |
| Structure | |
| Monoclinic | |
| Thermochemistry | |
| 100.83 J/mol·K (anhydrous) 229 J/mol·K (trihydrate) |
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Std molar
entropy (S |
138.1 J/mol·K (anhydrous) 262 J/mol·K (trihydrate) |
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Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH |
−709.32 kJ/mol (anhydrous) −1604 kJ/mol (trihydrate) |
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Gibbs free energy (ΔfG˚)
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−607.7 kJ/mol (anhydrous) |
| Pharmacology | |
| B05XA08 (WHO) | |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | Irritant |
| Safety data sheet | External MSDS |
| NFPA 704 | |
| Flash point | >250 °C (482 °F; 523 K) |
| 600 °C (1,112 °F; 873 K) | |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
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LD50 (median dose)
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3530 mg/kg (oral, rat) |
| Related compounds | |
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Other anions
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Sodium formate Sodium propionate |
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Other cations
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Potassium acetate Calcium acetate |
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Related compounds
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Sodium diacetate |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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 (what is ?) |
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| Infobox references | |
Sodium acetate, CH3COONa, also abbreviated NaOAc, also known as sodium ethanoate, is the sodium salt of acetic acid. This colorless deliquescent salt has a wide range of uses.
Sodium acetate is used in the textile industry to neutralize sulfuric acid waste streams and also as a photoresist while using aniline dyes. It is also a pickling agent in chrome tanning and helps to impede vulcanization of chloroprene in synthetic rubber production. In processing cotton for disposable cotton pads, sodium acetate is used to eliminate the buildup of static electricity.
Sodium acetate is used to mitigate water damage to concrete by acting as a concrete sealant, while also being environmentally benign and cheaper than the commonly used epoxy alternative for sealing concrete against water permeation.
Sodium acetate may be added to food as a seasoning, sometimes in the form of sodium diacetate, a one-to-one complex of sodium acetate and acetic acid, given the E-number E262. It is often used to give potato chips a salt and vinegar flavor.
As the conjugate base of acetic acid, a solution of sodium acetate and acetic acid can act as a buffer to keep a relatively constant pH level. This is useful especially in biochemical applications where reactions are pH-dependent in a mildly acidic range (pH 4-6).
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