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Shneur Zalman of Liadi

Shneur Zalman of Liadi
Alter Rebbe
Schneur Zalman of Liadi.jpg
Term gradual – 1812-12-15 OS
Full name Shneur Zalman Borukhovich
Main work Tanya, Shulchan Aruch HaRav
Born 1745-09-04 OS
Liozna, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Died 1812-12-15 OS
Pena, Kursk Governorate Russian Empire
Buried Hadiach
Dynasty Chabad
Predecessor Dovber of Mezeritch
Successor Dovber Schneuri
Father Boruch
Mother Rivkah
Wife Sterna Segal
Children

Dovber Schneuri
Chaim Avraham
Moshe

Freida
Devorah Leah
Rochel

Dovber Schneuri
Chaim Avraham
Moshe

Shneur Zalman of Liady (Hebrew: שניאור זלמן מליאדי‎‎, September 4, 1745 – December 15, 1812 O.S. / 18 Elul 5505 – 24 Tevet 5573), was an Orthodox rabbi and the founder and first Rebbe of Chabad, a branch of Hasidic Judaism, then based in Liadi in the Russian Empire. He was the author of many works, and is best known for Shulchan Aruch HaRav, Tanya and his Siddur Torah Or compiled according to the Nusach Ari.

He is also known as the "Baal HaTanya" (Master of the Tanya), and by a variety of other names including "Shneur Zalman Baruchovitch," Baruchovitch being the Russian patronymic from his father Baruch, by the acronym "RaShaZ" (רש"ז), by the title "Baal HaTanya ve-haShulchan Aruch'" (Master of the Tanya and the Shulchan Aruch), as the "Alter Rebbe" ("Old Rebbe" in Yiddish), "Admor HaZaken" ("Old Rebbe" in Hebrew), "Rabbenu HaZaken", "Rabbenu HaGadol", "our great rabbi", the "GRaZ", and "Rav".

Shneur Zalman was born in 1745 in the small town of Liozna, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (present-day Belarus). He was the son of Baruch, great5-grandson of the mystic and philosopher Judah Loew ben Bezalel, the "Maharal of Prague". He was a prominent (and the youngest) disciple of Dovber of Mezeritch, the "Great Maggid", who was in turn the successor of the founder of Hasidic Judaism, Yisrael ben Eliezer, known as the Baal Shem Tov.


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