Sextil Pușcariu
| Sextil Pușcariu | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Born |
January 4, 1877 Brașov, Austria-Hungary |
| Died | May 5, 1948 (aged 71) Bran, Romanian People's Republic |
| Residence | Eastern Europe |
| Academic background | |
| School or tradition | Positivism |
| Influences | Matteo Bartoli, Jules Gilliéron, Nicolae Iorga, Simion Mehedinți, Wilhelm Meyer-Lübke, Gaston Paris, Vasile Pârvan, Romulus Vuia, Gustav Weigand |
| Academic work | |
| Era | 20th century |
| Main interests | lexicography, sociolinguistics, dialectology, cultural sociology, ethography, phonoaesthetics, literary criticism, literature of Romania |
| Influenced | Theodor Capidan, Silviu Dragomir, George Giuglea, Alphonse Juilland, Constantin Lacea, Dumitru Macrea, Ion Mușlea, Emil Petrovici, Sever Pop, Romulus Todoran |
Sextil Iosif Pușcariu (January 4, 1877–May 5, 1948) was an Austro-Hungarian-born Romanian linguist and philologist. A native Brașov educated in France and Germany, he was active in Transylvania's cultural life and worked as a Romanian-language professor at Czernowitz in Bukovina. A soldier for Austria-Hungary during World War I, he embraced the creation of Greater Romania at its conclusion, leading efforts to create a new university in Cluj and setting up a research institute in the same city dedicated to the study of his native language. Interested in a variety of disciplines, he published widely and brought new ideas into Romania, as well as overseeing two monumental projects related to the language: the composition of a dictionary, and the creation of an atlas.
Committed to ethnic nationalism and cultural conservatism, Pușcariu radicalized himself during the 1920s and '30s, emerging as a supporter of fascist politics. With the onset of World War II, he moved to Berlin, where he led a propaganda institute meant to promote Romanian culture in the German Reich, as well as counter Hungary's justifications for absorbing Northern Transylvania. After his return home, his health deteriorated while the authorities of the new Communist regime initiated legal proceedings. He died before he could be sentenced, and while his work was largely shunned for two decades, his legacy revived following the collapse of the regime.
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