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Second Italo–Abyssinian War

Second Italo-Ethiopian War
Part of the Interwar Period
AO-Etiopia-1936-A-artiglieria-nel-Tembien.jpg
Italian artillery in Tembien, Ethiopia, in 1936.
Date 5 December 1934
3 October 1935 – May 1936
Location Ethiopia
Result Decisive Italian victory
Territorial
changes
Annexation of Ethiopia by Italy
Foundation of Italian East Africa
Belligerents

 Italy

Ethiopian Empire Ethiopia

Material support:
Nazi Germany Germany
Empire of Japan Japan
Commanders and leaders
Italy Benito Mussolini
Italy Victor Emmanuel III
Italy Emilio De Bono
Italy Pietro Badoglio
Italy Rodolfo Graziani
Eritrea COA.svg Hamid Idris Awate
Italian Somaliland COA.svg Olol Dinle
Ethiopian Empire Haile Selassie I
Ethiopian Empire Imru Haile Selassie
Ethiopian Empire Kassa Haile Darge
Ethiopian Empire Seyum Mangasha
Ethiopian Empire Mulugeta Yeggazu 
Ethiopian Empire Desta Damtew
Ethiopian Empire Nasibu Emmanual  (WIA)
Strength
Approx. 500,000 combatants (Approx. 100,000 mobilized)
Approx. 595 aircraft
Approx. 795 tanks
c. 800,000 combatants (c. 330,000 mobilized)
13 aircraft
4 tanks and 7 armored cars
Casualties and losses
10,000 killed1(est. May 1936)
44,000 wounded (est. May 1936)
9,555 killed2(est. 1936–1940)
144,000 sick and wounded (est. 1936–1940)
Total: c. 208,000 killed or wounded.
c. 275,000 combatants killed
c. 500,000 wounded
Total: c. 775,000 combatants and civilians killed or wounded (1935–1940).

1Official pro-Fascist Italian figures are around 3,000, which Alberto Sbacchi considers deflated.

2Based on 1,911 killed in the first six months of 1940; Ministry of Africa figures for 6 May 1936 to 10 June 1940 state 8,284 men were killed, which Sbacchi considers "[f]airly accurate data."

 Italy

Ethiopian Empire Ethiopia

1Official pro-Fascist Italian figures are around 3,000, which Alberto Sbacchi considers deflated.

The Second Italo-Ethiopian War, also referred to as the Second Italo-Abyssinian War, was a colonial war that started in October 1935, after a battle on 5 December 1934, and ended in May 1936. The war was fought between the armed forces of the Kingdom of Italy and the armed forces of the Ethiopian Empire (also known at the time as Abyssinia). The war resulted in the military occupation of Ethiopia.

Politically, like the Mukden Incident in 1931 (the Japanese annexation of three Chinese provinces), the Abyssinia Crisis in 1935 is often seen as a clear demonstration of the ineffectiveness of the League of Nations. Italy and Ethiopia were member nations and yet the League was unable to control Italy or to protect Ethiopia when Italy clearly violated Article X of the Covenant of the League of Nations.


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