*** Welcome to piglix ***

Second British protectorate

Mosquito Coast
English and British protectorate (1638–1787, 1844–1860)
Spanish Colony (1787–1800, de jure 1819)
Autonomous territory of Nicaragua (1860–1894)
Early 17th century–1894
Flag
Flag
Coat of arms
Coat of arms
Capital Sandy Bay
Bluefields (after 1787)
Languages Miskito
English
Spanish
Government Monarchy
King
 •  c.1650–1687 Oldman (first known)
 •  1842–1860 George Augustus Frederic II (last)
Hereditary Chief
 •  1860–1865 George Augustus Frederic II (first)
 •  1890–1894 Robert Henry Clarence (last)
History
 •  Established Early 17th century
 •  Disestablished 1894
Succeeded by
Nicaragua
Honduras
Today part of  Nicaragua
 Honduras
Mosquito Kingdom
Protectorate of England (1638–1707)
Protectorate of Great Britain (1707–1787)
1638–1787
Flag
Flag
Anthem
God Save the King (1745–1787)
Capital Sandy Bay
(King's residence)
Languages Miskito
English
Government Monarchy
Monarch
 •  c.1650–1687 Oldman
(first known)
 •  1776–1801 George II Frederic
(last)
Superintendent of the Shore
 •  1749–1759 Robert Hodgson, Sr. (first)
 •  1775–1787 James Lawrie (last)
History
 •  Arrival of the Providence Island Company 1630
 •  British ally 1638
 •  British protectorate 1740
 •  Convention of London 1786
 •  British evacuation 1787
Currency Pound sterling
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Captaincy General of Guatemala
Miskito people
Captaincy General of Guatemala
Mosquito Kingdom
Protectorate of the United Kingdom
1844–1860
Flag
Flag
Anthem
God Save the Queen
Capital Bluefields
Languages English
Miskito
Government Monarchy
King
 •  1842–1860 George Augustus Frederic II
Consul-General
Consul (after 1851)
 •  1844–1848 Patrick Walker (first)
 •  1849–1860 James Green (last)
History
 •  Protectorate declared 1844
 •  Annexation of San Juan del Norte 1848
 •  Bombardment of Greytown 1854
 •  Treaty of Managua January 28, 1860
Currency Pound sterling
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Miskito people
Nicaragua
Treaty of Managua
Honduras
Mosquito Reserve
Reserva Mosquitia
Autonomous territory of Nicaragua
1860–1894
Flag
Flag
Coat of arms
Coat of arms
Anthem
Hermosa Soberana
Capital Bluefields
Languages Spanish
Miskito
Government Monarchy
Hereditary Chief
 •  1860-1865 George Augustus Frederic II (first)
 •  1890-1894 Robert Henry Clarence (last)
History
 •  Treaty of Managua January 28, 1860
 •  Annexation to Nicaragua 1894
Currency Nicaraguan peso
Pound sterling
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Second British protectorate
Nicaragua

The Mosquito Coast, also known as the Miskito Coast and the Miskito Kingdom, historically comprised the kingdom's fluctuating area along the eastern coast of present-day Nicaragua and Honduras. It formed part of the Western Caribbean Zone. It was named after the local Miskito Amerindians and was long dominated by British interests. The Mosquito Coast was incorporated into Nicaragua in 1894; however, in 1960, the northern part was granted to Honduras by the International Court of Justice.

The Mosquito Coast was generally defined as the domain of the Mosquito or Miskito Kingdom and expanded or contracted with that domain. During the nineteenth century, the question of the kingdom's borders was a serious issue of international diplomacy between Britain, the United States, Nicaragua, and Honduras. Conflicting claims regarding both the kingdom's extent and arguable nonexistence were pursued in diplomatic exchanges. The British and Miskito definition applied to the whole eastern seaboard of Nicaragua and even to La Mosquitia in Honduras: i.e., the coast region as far west as the Río Negro or Tinto. The Mosquito Coast in the later part of the century came to be considered as the narrow strip of territory, fronting the Caribbean Sea and extending from about 11°45’ to 14°10’ N. It stretched inland for an average distance of 60 kilometers (40 mi), and measured about 400 kilometers (225 mi) from north to south. In the north, its boundary skirted the Wawa River; in the west, it corresponded with the eastern limit of the Nicaraguan highlands; in the south, it followed the Río Rama. The chief modern towns are Bluefields, the largest town and capital of Nicaragua's South Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region; Magdala on Pearl Cay; Prinzapolka on the river of that name; Wounta near the mouth of the Kukalaya; and Karata near the mouth of the Coco River.


...
Wikipedia

...