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Ruhr

Ruhr Metropolis
Metropole Ruhr
Flag of Ruhr Metropolis
Flag
Official seal of Ruhr Metropolis
Seal
map of the Ruhr metropolitan region within Germany
map of the Ruhr metropolitan region within Germany
Coordinates: 51°30′N 7°30′E / 51.500°N 7.500°E / 51.500; 7.500Coordinates: 51°30′N 7°30′E / 51.500°N 7.500°E / 51.500; 7.500
Country  Germany
State  North Rhine-Westphalia
Largest Cities
Government
 • Body Regionalverband Ruhr
Area
 • Metro 4,435 km2 (1,712 sq mi)
Highest elevation 441 m (1,447 ft)
Lowest elevation 13 m (43 ft)
Population
 • Metro 8,572,745
 • Metro density 1,646/km2 (4,260/sq mi)
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
GRP 2007
Nominal 136($186) billion
Website www.metropoleruhr.de
WWII Ruhr Bombing Operations
1943 March: Battle of the Ruhr
1943 May: Operation Chastise
1944 October: Operation Hurricane
1944 September: Bombing of German oil
facilities during World War II

The Ruhr (German pronunciation: [ˈʁuːɐ̯], German: Ruhrgebiet), or the Ruhr district, Ruhr region, Ruhr area or Ruhr valley, is a polycentric urban area in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. With a population density of 2,800/km² and a population of eight and a half million, it is the largest urban agglomeration in Germany, and third-largest in the European Union. It consists of several large, industrial cities bordered by the rivers Ruhr to the south, Rhine to the west, and Lippe to the north. In the southwest it borders the Bergisches Land. It is considered part of the larger Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region of more than 12 million people, which is among the largest in Europe.

From west to east, the region includes the cities of Duisburg, Oberhausen, Bottrop, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Essen, Gelsenkirchen, Bochum, Herne, Hagen, Dortmund, and Hamm, as well as parts of the more "rural" districts of Wesel, Recklinghausen, Unna and Ennepe-Ruhr-Kreis. The most populous cities are Dortmund (approx. 572,000), Essen (approx. 566,000) and Duisburg (approx. 486,000). The Ruhr area has no administrative center; each city in the area has its own administration, although there exists the supracommunal "Regionalverband Ruhr" institution in Essen. Historically, the western Ruhr towns, such as Duisburg and Essen, belonged to the historic region of the Rhineland, whereas the eastern part of the Ruhr, including Gelsenkirchen, Bochum, Dortmund and Hamm, were part of the region of Westphalia. Since the 19th century, these districts have grown together into a large complex with a vast industrial landscape, inhabited by some 7.3 million people (including Düsseldorf and Wuppertal).


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Wikipedia

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