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Rostov on Don

Rostov-on-Don (English)
Ростов-на-Дону (Russian)
-  City  -
Rostov Montage 2016.png
Views of Rostov-on-Don
Map of Russia - Rostov Oblast (2008-03).svg
Location of Rostov Oblast in Russia
Rostov-on-Don is located in Rostov Oblast
Rostov-on-Don
Rostov-on-Don
Location of Rostov-on-Don in Rostov Oblast
Coordinates: 47°14′N 39°42′E / 47.233°N 39.700°E / 47.233; 39.700Coordinates: 47°14′N 39°42′E / 47.233°N 39.700°E / 47.233; 39.700
Coat of Arms of Rostov-on-Don.svg
Rostov-na-Donu flag.svg
Coat of arms
Flag
Anthem none
City Day Third Sunday of September
Administrative status (as of November 2014)
Country Russia
Federal subject Rostov Oblast
Administratively subordinated to Rostov-na-Donu Urban Okrug
Administrative center of Rostov Oblast, Rostov-na-Donu Urban Okrug
Municipal status (as of November 2008)
Urban okrug Rostov-na-Donu Urban Okrug
Administrative center of Rostov-na-Donu Urban Okrug
Head Zinaida Neyarokhina
Representative body City Duma
Statistics
Area 348.5 km2 (134.6 sq mi)
Population (2010 Census) 1,089,261 inhabitants
Rank in 2010 10th
Population (January 2014 est.) 1,109,800 inhabitants
Density 3,126/km2 (8,100/sq mi)
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)
Founded 1749
City status since 1796
Postal code(s) 344000–344002, 344004, 344006, 344007, 344009–344013, 344015, 344016, 344018–344023, 344025, 344029, 344030, 344032–344034, 344037–344039, 344041, 344045, 344048, 344050, 344052, 344055, 344056, 344058, 344064, 344065, 344068, 344069, 344072, 344079, 344082, 344090–344095, 344101, 344103, 344111–344114, 344116, 344700, 344880, 344890, 344899, 344960–344965, 344999, 901078, 995100
Dialing code(s) +7 863
Official website
on

Rostov-on-Don (Russian: Росто́в-на-Дону́, tr. Rostov-na-Donu; IPA: [rɐˈstof nə dɐˈnu]) is a port city and the administrative center of Rostov Oblast and the Southern Federal District of Russia. It lies in the southeastern part of the East European Plain on the Don River, 32 kilometers (20 mi) from the Sea of Azov. The southwestern suburbs of the city abut the Don River delta. Population: 1,089,261 (2010 Census);1,068,267 (2002 Census);1,019,305 (1989 Census).

From ancient times, the area around the mouth of the Don River has held cultural and commercial importance. Ancient indigenous inhabitants included the Scythian, Sarmat, and Savromat tribes. It was the site of Tanais, an ancient Greek colony, Fort Tana, under the Genoese and Fort Azak in the time of the Ottoman Empire.

In 1749, a custom house was established on the Temernik River, a tributary of the Don, by edict of Empress Elizabeth, the daughter of Peter the Great, in order to control trade with Turkey. It was co-located with a fortress named for Dimitry of Rostov, a metropolitan bishop of the old northern town of Rostov the Great. Azov, a town closer to the Sea of Azov on the Don, gradually lost its commercial importance in the region to the new fortress.


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