Republic of Mountainous Armenia

Լեռնահայաստանի Հանրապետութիւն

1921


Flag	Coat of arms

Capital

Goris (de facto)

Languages

Armenian (de facto)

Political structure

Unrecognized State

Commander

Garegin Nzhdeh

History

•

Sovietization of Armenia

2 December 1920

•

February Uprising

18 Feb – 2 Apr 1921

•

Declared

26 April 1921

•

Disestablished

13 July 1921

Preceded by

Succeeded by

Democratic Republic of Armenia

Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic
Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic

The Republic of Mountainous Armenia (Armenian: Լեռնահայաստանի Հանրապետութիւն Leřnahayastani Hanrapetutyun), also known as simply Mountainous Armenia (Լեռնահայաստան Leřnahayastan), was an anti-Bolshevik Armenian state roughly corresponding with the territory that is now the present-day Armenian provinces of Vayots Dzor and Syunik, and some parts of the present-day Republic of Azerbaijan (Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic in the west and the de facto Nagorno-Karabakh Republic in the east). It was established by the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (Dashnak) forces under command of Garegin Nzhdeh, following the suppression of the February Uprising in April 1921. It was not recognised by any country, but existed until mid-July, the same year.

Following World War I, the signing of the Treaty of Sèvres, and in the ensuing peace negotiations in Paris, the Allies had vowed to punish the Young Turks and reward some, if not all, of the eastern provinces of the empire to the nascent Armenian Republic. But the Allies were more concerned with concluding the peace treaties with Germany and the other European members of the Central Powers. In matters related to the Near East, the principal western powers, Great Britain, France, Italy and the United States, had conflicting interests over the spheres of influence they were to assume. While there were crippling internal disputes between the Allies, and the United States was reluctant to accept a mandate over Armenia. Meanwhile, the recently formed Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and Turkish National Movement had both set their sights on taking over the Caucasus, including Armenia. The Bolsheviks sympathized with the Turkish Movement due to their mutual opposition to the western powers, or "Western Imperialism," as the Bolsheviks referred to it. The Soviet government formed an alliance with the Turkish nationalists and started sending them gold and weapons. This proved disastrous for the Armenians, and eventually Western Armenia fell to the invading forces.

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Wikipedia