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Red River (Vietnam)

Sông Hồng (红河)
Sông Thao, Hồng Hà, Nhị Hà,
Nhĩ Hà, sông Cái, Nguyên Giang,

Hóng Hé (pinyin)
Sông (河)
LongBien nhinchuongduong.JPG
The Red River, view from Long Biên Bridge, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Countries China, Vietnam
Provinces Yunnan Province (China), Lào Cai Province, Yên Bái Province, Phú Thọ Province, Hanoi, Vĩnh Phúc Province, Hưng Yên Province, Hà Nam Province, Thái Bình Province, Nam Định Province
Tributaries
 - left
 - right Đà
Source
 - location Hengduan Mountains, Weishan, Dali, Yunnan, China
 - elevation 1,776 m (5,827 ft)
Secondary source
 - location TBD, Xiangyun, Dali, Yunnan, China
Source confluence
 - elevation 1,200 m (3,937 ft)
 - coordinates 25°1′49″N 100°48′56″E / 25.03028°N 100.81556°E / 25.03028; 100.81556
Mouth Ba Lạt
 - location (boundary between Tiền Hải and Giao Thủy)
 - elevation 0 m (0 ft)
 - coordinates 20°14′43″N 106°35′20″E / 20.24528°N 106.58889°E / 20.24528; 106.58889Coordinates: 20°14′43″N 106°35′20″E / 20.24528°N 106.58889°E / 20.24528; 106.58889
Length 1,149 km (714 mi)
Basin 143,700 km2 (55,483 sq mi)
Discharge mouth
 - average 2,640 m3/s (93,231 cu ft/s)
 - max 30,000 m3/s (1,059,440 cu ft/s)
 - min 700 m3/s (24,720 cu ft/s)
Discharge elsewhere (average)
 - Việt Trì 900 m3/s (31,783 cu ft/s)
Redriverasiamap.png
Red River and its tributaries.

The Red River (simplified Chinese: 红河; traditional Chinese: 紅河; pinyin: Hóng Hé; Vietnamese: Sông Hồng), also known as the Hồng Hà and Sông Cái (lit. "Mother River") in Vietnamese and the Yuan River (, Yuán Jiāng) in Chinese, is a river that flows from Yunnan in Southwest China through northern Vietnam to the Gulf of Tonkin. According to C. Michael Hogan, the associated Red River Fault was instrumental in forming the entire South China Sea at least as early as 37 million years before present.

The Red River begins in China's Yunnan province in the mountains south of Dali. It flows generally southeastward, passing through Dai ethnic minority areas before leaving China through Yunnan's Honghe Autonomous Prefecture. It enters Vietnam at Lào Cai Province. It forms a portion of the international border between China and Vietnam. The river, known as Thao River for this upper stretch, continues its southeasterly course through northwestern Vietnam before emerging from the mountains to reach the midlands. Its main tributaries, the Black River (Da River) and Lô River join in to form the very broad Hồng near Việt Trì, Phu Tho Province. Downstream from Việt Trì, the river and its many distributaries spread out to form the Red River Delta. The Red River flows past the Vietnamese capital Hanoi before emptying into the Gulf of Tonkin.


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